CMP Journal 2025-09-27
Statistics
Physical Review Letters: 3
Physical Review X: 1
arXiv: 51
Physical Review Letters
Long-Term Stable Nonlinear Evolutions of Ultracompact Black-Hole Mimickers
Article | Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Gravitation | 2025-09-26 06:00 EDT
Gareth Arturo Marks, Seppe J. Staelens, Tamara Evstafyeva, and Ulrich Sperhake
We study the stability of ultracompact boson stars admitting light rings combining a perturbative analysis with numerical-relativity simulations with and without symmetry assumptions. We observe excellent agreement between all perturbative and numerical results, which uniformly support the hypot…
Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 131402 (2025)
Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Gravitation
Probing New Hadronic Forces with Heavy Exotic Atoms
Article | Particles and Fields | 2025-09-26 06:00 EDT
Hongkai Liu, Ben Ohayon, Omer Shtaif, and Yotam Soreq
We explore the potential of precision spectroscopy of heavy exotic atoms where electrons are substituted by negative hadrons to detect new force carriers with hadronic couplings. The selected transitions are unaffected by nuclear contact terms, thus enabling highly accurate calculations using bound-…
Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 131803 (2025)
Particles and Fields
Switchable Chern Insulators and Competing Quantum Phases in Rhombohedral Graphene Moiré Superlattices
Article | Condensed Matter and Materials | 2025-09-26 06:00 EDT
Jian Zheng, Size Wu, Kai Liu, Bosai Lyu, Shuhan Liu, Yating Sha, Zhengxian Li, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Jinfeng Jia, Zhiwen Shi, and Guorui Chen
A range of competing phases and their transitions are observed using a device made of rhombohedrally stacked hexalayer graphene on hexagonal boron nitride moiré superlattices.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 136302 (2025)
Condensed Matter and Materials
Physical Review X
Thermal Transport in a 2D Amorphous Material
Article | | 2025-09-26 06:00 EDT
Yuxi Wang, Nianjie Liang, Xingxing Zhang, Wujuan Yan, Haiyu He, Alfredo Fiorentino, Xinwei Tao, Ang Li, Fuwei Yang, Buxuan Li, Te-Huan Liu, Jia Zhu, Wu Zhou, Wei Wang, Stefano Baroni, Lin Zhou, and Bai Song
Monolayer amorphous carbon shows unexpectedly high in-plane thermal conductivity compared to its 3D form, revealing how reduced dimensionality can reshape heat transport in disordered materials.
Phys. Rev. X 15, 031077 (2025)
arXiv
Multicriticality between Purely Gapless SPT Phases with Unitary Symmetry
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Saranesh Prembabu, Ruben Verresen
Symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases are commonly required to have an energy gap, but recent work has extended the concept to gapless settings. This raises a natural question: what happens at transitions between inequivalent gapless SPTs? We address this for the simplest known case among gapless SPTs protected by a unitary symmetry group acting faithfully on the low-energy theory. To this end, we consider a qutrit version of the nearest-neighbor XX chain. Trimerizing the chain explicitly breaks an anomalous symmetry and produces three distinct gapped SPT phases protected by a unitary $ \mathbb{Z}_3 \times \mathbb{Z}_3$ symmetry. Their phase boundaries are given by three inequivalent gapless SPTs without any gapped symmetry sectors, each described by a symmetry-enriched version of an orbifolded Potts$ ^2$ conformal field theory with central charge $ c=\frac{8}{5}$ . We provide an analytic derivation of this critical theory in a particular regime and confirm its stability using tensor network simulations. Remarkably, the three gapless SPTs meet at a $ c = 2$ multicritical point, where the protecting $ \mathbb{Z}_3 \times \mathbb{Z}_3$ symmetry exhibits a mixed anomaly with the $ \mathbb Z_3$ entangler symmetry that permutes the SPT classes. We further explore how discrete gauging gives dipole-symmetric models, offering insights into dipole symmetry-breaking and SPTs, as well as symmetry-enriched multiversality. Altogether, this work uncovers a rich phase diagram of a minimal qutrit chain, whose purely nearest-neighbor interactions make it a promising candidate for experimental realization, including the prospect of critical phases with stable edge modes.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
17 pages + 5 page appendix, 7 figures
Disorder-induced fractionalization of pair density waves
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Julian May-Mann, Akshat Pandey, Steven A. Kivelson
We investigate the effects of disorder on a system that in the clean limit is a pair density wave (PDW) superconductor. The charge order of the clean PDW is inevitably lost (via Imry-Ma), but the fate of the superconducting order is less clear. Here, we consider a strongly inhomogeneous limit in which the system consists of a random collection of PDW puddles embedded in a metallic background. When the puddles are dilute, they become phase coherent at low temperatures, resulting in a state that is macroscopically equivalent to a charge-$ 2e$ $ s$ -wave superconductor. This can be viewed as an example of order parameter fractionalization'' -- the PDW order splits into a charge-2e s-wave superconductor and a charge density wave, the latter of which is destroyed by disorder -- and stands in contrast to the vestigial’’ charge-4e superconductivity which has been proposed to arise in weakly disordered PDWs.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
4 pages, 1 figure
Ge as an ideal orbitronic platform: giant orbital Hall effect
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
James H. Cullen, Zhanning Wang, Dimitrie Culcer
State-of-the-art developments in magnetic devices rely on manufacturing faster, more efficient memory elements. A significant development in this direction has been the discovery of orbital torques, which employ the orbital angular momentum of Bloch electrons to switch the magnetisation of an adjacent ferromagnet, and has motivated the search for \textit{orbitronic} materials displaying strong orbital dynamics exemplified, by the orbital Hall effect (OHE). In this work we propose Ge, as an optimal orbitronic platform. We demonstrate that holes in bulk Ge exhibit a giant OHE, exceeding that of the bulk states of topological insulators, and exceeding the spin-Hall effect by four orders of magnitude. The calculation is performed within the framework of the Luttinger model and the modern theory of orbital magnetisation, while incorporating recently-discovered quantum corrections to the OHE. Our study constitutes a fundamental milestone in applying the modern theory to a system with \textit{inversion symmetry}. Moreover, we argue that bulk Ge serves as an ideal testbed for the orbital torque resulting from a charge current, since the spin- and orbital-Edelstein effects in Ge are forbidden by symmetry. Our results provide a blueprint for producing strong orbital torques in magnetic devices with Ge, guiding future experimental work in this direction.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
On the Hydrodynamic Approximation of Quantum Integrable Models – An Illustration via the repulsive Lieb-Liniger Model
New Submission | Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Generalized hydrodynamics is a framework to study the large scale dynamics of integrable models, special fine-tuned one-dimensional many-body systems that possess an infinite number of local conserved quantities. Unlike classical models, where the microscopic origins of generalized hydrodynamics are better understood, in quantum models it can only be derived using the hydrodynamic formalism. Using the paradigmatic and experimentally relevant repulsive Lieb-Liniger model as an example, this thesis introduces a new viewpoint on the dynamics of quantum integrable models by introducing so-called semi-classical Bethe models. These classical integrable models act as an intermediate description between the microscopic quantum realm and the macroscopic generalized hydrodynamics. After introducing these models and discussing their properties, we study the generalized hydrodynamics equation using new tools and show that solutions to the Euler generalized hydrodynamics equation of the Lieb-Liniger model exist, are unique and do not develop gradient catastrophes. Finally, we discuss new insights into the physics governing the diffusive correction, which, contrary to prior belief, is not described by a Navier-Stokes-like equation. Focusing on the main intuitive ideas, the thesis aims to provide a self-contained overview over these exciting new developments on generalized hydrodynamics.
Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
PhD Dissertation, 154 pages
Anomalous Landau Levels in Inhomogeneous Fluxes and Emergent Supersymmetry
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Soujanya Datta, Krishanu Roychowdhury
Two-dimensional systems in magnetic fields host rich physics, most notably the quantum Hall effect arising from Landau level quantization. In a broad class of two-dimensional models, flat bands with topologically nontrivial band degeneracies give rise to anomalous Landau level quantization under homogeneous fields. Ascribed to the underlying quantum geometry, these are classified as singular flat bands, exhibiting unusual wavefunction localization, and anomalous quantization of Landau levels. We investigate the response of gapless singular flat bands to inhomogeneous fluxes, bridging continuum and lattice descriptions. Our analysis reveals a mechanism to controllably manipulate the anomalous Landau levels via flux inhomogeneity. We further uncover an emergent supersymmetry in the parameter space where the tower of anomalous Landau levels collapses to zero energy, rendering a lattice analog of the Aharonov-Casher theorem on degenerate zero modes in perpendicular fluxes, with wavefunction localization partly similar to Aharonov-Bohm caging. With the addition of strong correlations, these findings will have implications for realizing exotic topological and charge-ordered phases.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
15 pages, 5 figures
Revisiting dissipation-driven phase transition in a Josephson junction
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Diego Subero, Yu-Cheng-Chang, Miguel Monteiro, Ze-Yan Chen, Jukka P. Pekola
Despite extensive experimental and theoretical work over several decades, Schmid-Bulgadaev quantum phase transition remains a subject of debate. Here we revisit this problem by performing systematic experiments on low-frequency current-voltage characteristics of Josephson junctions over a wide range of parameters. The experiments are conducted in a true resistive environment formed by a metallic on-chip resistor located near the junction. Over the parameter range of the experiment, we find that the transition occurs when the resistance crosses the quantum value $ h/(4e^2)\simeq 6.5$ k$ \Omega$ for Cooper pairs, as originally predicted. The temperature $ T$ of the experiment is naturally non-zero, but our basic theoretical modeling corroborates that the observations under these conditions can serve as the basis for the conclusions made, in particular, the crossover resistance from superconducting to insulating regime is the same as that at $ T=0$ .
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
6 pages, 4 figures
Magnon-magnon coupling efficiency of $η$=0.5 in weakly pinned synthetic antiferromagnets
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Synthetic antiferromagnets (SAFs) consist of two ferromagnetic layers that are antiferromagnetically coupled. These systems support complex dynamical magnetic excitations, where interlayer coupling gives rise to both in-phase (acoustic) and anti-phase (optical) magnonic modes. Typically, simultaneous excitation of both modes requires breaking the symmetry between the ferromagnetic layers – commonly achieved through slight misalignment of the experimental setup or by modifying the intrinsic magnetic properties. In our approach, we utilize a pinned synthetic antiferromagnet (pSAF), where one of the ferromagnetic layers is exchange-coupled to an antiferromagnet. We demonstrate that by tuning the thickness of the antiferromagnet and slightly enhancing the magnetic anisotropy of the pinned layer, both acoustic and optical modes can be efficiently excited – without the need for experimental misalignment or changes to the intrinsic material properties. Under specific conditions, the magnon dispersion relations exhibit anti-crossing behavior, resulting in the emergence of a magnonic bandgap – a clear signature of strong magnon-magnon coupling. The coupling efficiency $ \eta$ , defined as the ratio between the bandgap and the characteristic frequency, reaches $ \eta = 0.5$ , approaching the ultra-strong coupling regime ($ \eta = 1$ ). The combination of strong mode hybridization, a sizable magnonic bandgap, and high ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) coherence over large areas – all achieved at room temperature without cryogenic cooling – underscores the potential of these systems for quantum magnonic applications, including quantum computing.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
21 pages, 9 figures
Quantum Coherence in a Maximally Hot Hubbard Chain
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Cătălin Paşcu Moca, Ovidiu I. Patu, Balázs Dóra, Gergely Zaránd
We present a detailed study of the real-time dynamics and spectral properties of the one-dimensional fermionic Hubbard model at infinite temperature. Using tensor network simulations in Liouville space, we compute the single-particle Green’s function and analyze its dynamics across a broad range of interaction strengths. To complement the time-domain approach, we develop a high-resolution Chebyshev expansion method within the density matrix formalism, enabling direct access to spectral functions in the frequency domain. In the non-interacting limit, we derive exact analytical expressions for the Green’s function, providing a benchmark for our numerical methods. As interactions are introduced, we observe a transition in the spectral function from a sharp peak at the free dispersion to a broadened two-band structure associated with hole and doublon excitations. These features are well captured by a Hubbard-I mean-field approximation, even at intermediate coupling. At infinite interaction strength ($ U = \infty$ ), we exploit a determinant representation of the Green’s function to access both real-time and spectral properties. In this regime, the system retains a sharp, cosine-like momentum dispersion in frequency space, while the dynamics display nontrivial light-cone spreading with sub-ballistic scaling. Our results demonstrate that strong correlations and nontrivial quantum coherence can persist even at infinite temperature.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
Hot but Coherent: Doublons at Infinite Temperature in the Hubbard chain
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Cătălin Paşcu Moca, Balázs Dóra, Gergely Zaránd
We investigate the spectral properties and the dynamics of doublons in the one-dimensional Hubbard model at infinite temperature. Using a Chebyshev expansion approach formulated in the superfermionic representation, we compute the momentum- and frequency-resolved doublon spectral function across a wide range of interaction strengths $ U$ and in the presence of an external electric field. Increasing the interaction, the spectrum gradually splits into separate bands associated with two-hole and two-particle excitations. Despite the presence of strong correlations, we find that doublons retain their coherence and undergo long-lived Bloch oscillations, as well as rich quantum walk dynamics characterized by light-cone spreadings at strong coupling, which we analyze through the time-and space-resolved Green’s function.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
Fundamental Scaling Constraints for Equilibrium Molecular Computing
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Erin Crawley, Qian-Ze Zhu, Michael P. Brenner
Molecular computing promises massive parallelization to explore solution spaces, but so far practical implementations remain limited due to off-target binding and exponential proliferation of competing structures. Here, we investigate the theoretical limits of equilibrium self-assembly systems for solving computing problems, focusing on the directed Hamiltonian Path Problem (HPP) as a benchmark for NP-complete problems. The HPP is encoded via particles with directional lock-key patches, where self-assembled chains form candidate solution paths. We determine constraints on the required energy gap between on-target and off-target binding for the HPP to be encoded and solved. We simultaneously examine whether components with the required energy gap can be designed. Combining these results yields a phase diagram identifying regions where HPP instances are both encodable and solvable. These results establish fundamental upper bounds on equilibrium molecular computation and highlight the necessity of non-equilibrium approaches for scalable molecular computing architectures.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
Tailoring properties of Heusler alloys by elemental substitution and electron counting: (Co$_{2-α}$Mn$_α$)FeGe, Co$2$(Fe${1-β}$Mn$β$)Ge, and (Co${2-α}$Fe$_α$)MnGe
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
R. Mahat, S. Budhathoki, S. Regmi, J.Y. Law, V. Franco, W.H. Butler, A. Gupta, A. Hauser, P. LeClair
Rational material design by elemental substitution is useful in tailoring materials to have desirable properties. Here we consider three non-equivalent substitutional series based on Co$ _2$ FeGe, viz; (Co$ _{2-\alpha}$ Mn$ _\alpha$ )FeGe, Co$ _2$ (Fe$ _{1-\beta}$ Mn$ _{\beta}$ )Ge, (Co$ _{2-\alpha}$ Fe$ _\alpha$ )MnGe ($ 0!\le!\alpha!\le!2, 0!\le!\beta!\le!1$ ), and study how material properties evolve with the interchange of Mn, Fe, and Co in Co$ _2$ FeGe. In all three schemes, single-phase compounds can be obtained over a wide range of compositions: $ 0.125 < \alpha < 1.375 $ for (Co$ _{2-\alpha}$ Mn$ _{\alpha}$ )FeGe, $ 0 !\le! \beta !\le! 1$ for Co$ _2$ (Fe$ _{1-\beta}$ Mn$ _{\beta}$ )Ge, and $ 0 !<! \alpha !<! 1.50$ for (Co$ _{2-\alpha}$ Fe$ _\alpha$ )MnGe. All the single-phase compounds crystallise in fcc structure with chemical ordering consistent with the ``4-2’’ rule of Butler et al. The compounds are soft ferromagnets with low temperature saturation magnetisation agreeing with the Slater-Pauling rule. Very high Curie temperatures are measured, with values up to 1000 K for lower Mn concentrations. First principle calculations indicate, in the most stable atomic configuration, Mn prefers sharing sublattice with Ge, also consistent with the 4-2 rule. The calculations further predict half-metallic behaviour for (Co$ _{1.625}$ Mn$ _{0.375}$ )FeGe, while finding other compositions to be nearly half-metallic. Upon comparing the results of the three series, it is found that single-phase alloys occur for a specific range of valence electrons per unit cell ($ \sim!28.5!-!29.75$ ), and that even for multi-phase samples the structural, magnetic, and electronic properties depend primarily on the number of valence electrons and not on the specific substitution scheme employed.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
34 pages, 32 figures
Cooperative Function with Thermal Fluctuations in Mechanical Networks
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Ben Pisanty, Jovana Andrejevic, Andrea J. Liu, Sidney R. Nagel
Elastic networks can be tuned to exhibit complex mechanical responses and have been extensively used to study protein allosteric functionality, where a localized strain regulates the conformation at a distant site. We show that cooperative binding, where two sites each enhance the other’s ability to function, can be trained via a symmetric application of the training previously employed for creating network allostery. We identify a crossover temperature above which cooperative functionality breaks down due to thermal fluctuations. We develop a modified training protocol to increase this crossover temperature, enabling function to remain robust at biologically relevant temperatures.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Classical and single photon memory devices based on polariton lasers
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
D. Novokreschenov, A. Kudlis, A. V. Kavokin
Stimulated scattering of incoherent excitons into an exciton-polariton mode leads to the build-up of a polariton condensate whose polarization is sensitive to a small seeded population that triggers the stimulated process. We show, within a semiclassical stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii model, that this mechanism enables a robust polarization memory operation: the condensate tends to align its Stokes vector with that of the seed and to maintain it for times far exceeding an individual polariton lifetime. Importantly, this single-photon-seeded regime is modeled as an initial weak excitation of the condensate mode. We quantify the memory performance by a classical polarization-alignment metric and find that the seed polarization can remain well preserved on a nanosecond timescale under realistic parameters.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
Curzon Ahlborn Type Efficiency in a Brownian Heat Engine with Exponential Temperature Profile
New Submission | Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
We investigate a Brownian heat engine wherein a particle moves through a periodic ratchet potential under an exponentially decreasing temperature profile, a spatial configuration that closely resembles experimentally realizable conditions such as laser-induced thermal gradients and thermoplasmonic heating. This model yields exact analytical expressions for the particle current, thermodynamic efficiency, entropy production, and coefficient of performance (COP), and uniquely recovers the Curzon Ahlborn efficiency and the corresponding endoreversible COP exactly in the quasistatic limit. These findings provide a rare and rigorous realization of endoreversible thermodynamics at the mesoscopic scale because they are derived directly from microscopic stochastic dynamics without recourse to phenomenological assumptions, asymptotic approximations or coarse-graining techniques. Although the derived efficiency and COP are exact, they remain strictly below the Carnot limit, reflecting the inherent irreversibility embedded within the endoreversible framework. Furthermore, we show that in comparison to linear and piecewise-constant temperature profile cases, the exponential temperature profile leads to significantly higher particle velocities, higher entropy production, but lower thermodynamic efficiency, which underscores the fundamental trade-off between transport speed and energy cost.
Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
14 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review E
Negative Charge Transfer: Ground State Precursor towards High Energy Batteries
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Eder G. Lomeli, Qinghao Li, Kuan H. Hsu, Gi-Hyeok Lee, Zengqing Zhuo, Bryant-J. Polzin, Jihyeon Gim, Boyu Shi, Eungje Lee, Yujia Wang, Haobo Li, Pu Yu, Jinpeng Wu, Zhi-Xun Shen, Shishen Yan, Lauren Illa, Josh J. Kas, John J. Rehr, John Vinson, Brian Moritz, Yi-Sheng Liu, Jinghua Guo, Yi-de Chuang, Wanli Yang, Thomas P. Devereaux
Modern energy applications, especially electric vehicles, demand high energy batteries. However, despite decades of intensive efforts, the highest energy density and commercially viable batteries are still based on LiCoO2, the very first generation of cathode materials. The technical bottleneck is the stability of oxide-based cathodes at high operating voltages. The fundamental puzzle is that we actually never understood the redox mechanism of LiCoO2. Conventional wisdom generally defines redox to be centered on cations at low voltages, and on anions, i.e. oxygen, at high voltages by forming oxidized chemical states like O2 or peroxo-species. Here, through in-situ and ex-situ spectroscopy coupled with theoretical calculations, we show that high-energy layered cathodes, represented by LiCoO2 and LiNiO2, operate through enhancement of negative charge transfer (NCT) ground states upon charging throughout the whole voltage range - i.e., NCT evolution itself is the intrinsic redox mechanism regardless of voltage ranges. NCT inherently engages high covalency and oxygen holes, leading to optimized performance without conventional redox centers in LiCoO2. The level of NCT, i.e., number of ligand holes, naturally explains many seemingly controversial results. The redefinition of redox mechanism reveals the pathway toward viable high energy battery electrodes.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
33 pages, paper plus supplementary material, 4 main figures
Orbital magnetization and magnetic susceptibility of interacting electrons
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Jian Kang, Minxuan Wang, Oskar Vafek
We present a rigorous derivation of the orbital magnetization formula for interacting electrons within the self-consistent Hartree-Fock approximation. Our results are expressed entirely in terms of the self-consistent wavefunctions and the Hartree-Fock energy spectrum at zero magnetic field. We test the formula on an interacting Rashba model, finding an agreement with calculations performed at small but non-zero external magnetic field. Our method allows us to also derive formulas for the orbital magnetic susceptibility.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
5 pages, 2 figures, and 2 pages appendix
Quantum metric induced nonlinear thermal noise in PT-symmetric antiferromagnets
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Dibyanandan Bhowmick, Amit Agarwal
Electrical current fluctuations provide a powerful and unconventional probe of band geometry in quantum materials. In particular, intrinsic noise components that are independent of the relaxation time reveal universal band-geometric properties of Bloch electrons. Here, we identify a distinct intrinsic contribution to current noise at second order in the electric field, which is governed by the quantum metric. This effect arises from field-induced modifications to Bloch wavefunctions and band energies, and it dominates in PT-symmetric antiferromagnets where Berry curvature based contributions are forbidden by symmetry. Applying our theory to CuMnAs, we demonstrate that thermal noise provides a direct signature of quantum metric in PT-symmetric antiferromagnets.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
8 pages; 3 figures
Effect of C additives with 0.5% in weight on structural, optical and superconducting properties of Ta-Nb-Hf-Zr-Ti high entropy alloy films
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Tien Le, Yeonkyu Lee, Dzung T. Tran, Woo Seok Choi, Won Nam Kang, Jinyoung Yun, Jeehoon Kim, Jaegu Song, Yoonseok Han, Tuson Park, Duc H. Tran, Soon-Gil Jung, Jungseek Hwang
We investigated the superconducting (SC) properties of Ta-Nb-Hf-Zr-Ti high-entropy alloy (HEA) thin films with 0.5% weight C additives. The C additives stabilize the structural properties and enhance the SC critical properties, including $ \mu_0$ Hc$ _2$ (13.45 T) and Tc (7.5 K). The reflectance of the C-added HEA film is enhanced in the low-energy region, resulting in a higher optical conductivity, which is consistent with the lower electrical resistivity. In addition, we observed SC vortices in the C-added HEA film using magnetic force microscopy. The magnetic penetration depths ($ \lambda$ ) of the pure HEA and C-added HEA films were estimated from their Meissner force curves by comparing them with those of a reference Nb film. At 4.2 K, the {\lambda} of the C-added film is 360 nm, shorter than that of the pure HEA film (560 nm), indicating stronger superconductivity against an applied magnetic field.
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
27 pages, 7 figures
Journal of Alloys and Compounds 1008, 176863/1-8 (2024)
Atomistic Insights into Cu/amorphous-Ta$_x$N Interfacial Adhesion via Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials: Effects of Stoichiometry and Interface Construction
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Jeong Min Choi, Jaehoon Kim, Ji-Hwan Lee, Won-Joon Son, Seungwu Han
Accurate understanding and control of interfacial adhesion between Cu and Ta$ _x$ N diffusion barriers are essential for ensuring the mechanical reliability and integrity of Cu interconnect systems in semiconductor devices. Amorphous tantalum nitride (a-Ta$ _x$ N) barriers are particularly attractive due to their superior barrier performance, attributed to the absence of grain boundaries. However, a systematic atomistic investigation of how varying Ta stoichiometries influences adhesion strength at Cu/a-Ta$ _x$ N interfaces remains lacking, hindering a comprehensive understanding of interface optimization strategies. In this study, we employ machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) to perform steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulations of Cu/a-Ta$ _x$ N interfaces. We simultaneously evaluate three distinct interface construction approaches–static relaxation, high-temperature annealing, and simulated Cu deposition–to comprehensively investigate their influence on adhesion strength across varying Ta compositions ($ x=1, 2, 4$ ). Peak force and work of adhesion values from SMD simulations quantitatively characterize interface strength, while atomic stress and strain analyses elucidate detailed deformation behavior, highlighting the critical role of interfacial morphologies. Additionally, we explore the atomistic mechanisms underlying cohesive failure, revealing how targeted incorporation of Ta atoms into Cu layers enhances the cohesive strength of the interface. This study demonstrates how MLIP-driven simulations can elucidate atomic-scale relationships between interface morphology and adhesion behavior, providing insights that can guide future atomistic engineering strategies toward enhancing intrinsic barrier adhesion, potentially enabling liner-free interconnect technologies.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
24 pages, 14 figures, Supplementary information included as ancillary file (+13 pages)
Robust Ferrimagnetic Ground State and Suppressed Superconductivity in Two-Dimensional HC6
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Jakkapat Seeyangnok, Udomsilp Pinsook
Two-dimensional hydrogenated graphene (HC6) represents a promising platform for exploring emergent electronic phases. Owing to its high electronic density of states at the Fermi level, HC6 is expected to support phonon-mediated superconductivity, with a calculated critical temperature Tc of 37.4 K in the paramagnetic metallic phase. However, spin-polarized first-principles calculations reveal that HC6 stabilizes in a ferrimagnetic ground state, which is energetically favored by 0.175 eV per unit cell over the paramagnetic metallic phase. This large energy difference significantly exceeds kB T at room temperature, indicating robust magnetic order. Although the superconducting condensation energy lowers the total energy by about 7 meV, the superconducting phase remains metastable. These results highlight the dominant role of magnetism in HC6 and illustrate how a high electronic density of states can drive competing instabilities in hydrogenated two-dimensional materials, offering design principles for carbon-based magnetic systems.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
Intrinsic antiferromagnetic half-metal and topological phases in the ferrovalley states of the sliding bilayer altermagnets
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Altermagnetism is characterized by non-relativistic spin splitting and zero total magnetic moments. In this work, intrinsic antiferromagnetic half-metallic and topological phases were discovered within the ferrovalley states of sliding bilayer altermagnets. We construct the bilayer system by utilizing altermagnet monolayers with a small bandgap. The inter-layer hopping phenomenon leads to a reduction in bandgaps, and sliding engineering induces ferrovalley states. Taking the V$ _2$ OSSe system for example, first-principles calculations indicate that the spin-dependent inter-layer hopping in the ferrovalley state ensures a direct gap in one valley (one spin channel) and band inversion in the other valley (opposite spin channel), which is manifested as an intrinsic antiferromagnetic half-metal. The microscopic model and effective Hamiltonian employed in this research confirm the universal spin-dependent inter-layer hopping in the sliding altermagnet bilayer. Further calculations imply the existence of Chern insulator and gapless surface states in the sliding altermagnet bilayer. Adjusting the sliding direction can achieve the transition between different half-metals with conducting electrons of different spins, accompanied by the switching of gapless surface states of opposite spins. This research lays a foundation for the potential applications of intrinsic antiferromagnetic half-metals and topological phases in spintronics.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
6 pages, 4 figures
Particle-scale studies elucidating visco-collisional rheology in granular-fluid flows
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Teng Man, Herbert Huppert, Qingfeng Feng, Kimberly Hill
We study the particle-scale dynamics that give rise to bulk flow behaviours of highly concentrated particle-fluid mixtures using discrete element method (DEM) simulations. We utilize boundary conditions of a stress-controlled shear cell and vary material properties and applied stresses systematically. We find the bulk rheology transitions smoothly among what might be called viscous, collisional, and visco-collisional behaviours based on average shear rate dependence as well as dominance of local interaction. Using specific measures of particle-scale dynamics, we find that the transitions in system rheologies coincide with statistically significant changes in the fabric'' (i.e., strong force network and coordination numbers), the granular temperature’’ (i.e., fluctuation energy) and relative importance of fluid and interparticle contacts. Armed with these measures and previous theoretical work, we provide a foundation for understanding the particle-scale physics that gives rise to meso-scale rheologies and transitions from one to the next. We determine physics-based formulations to better represent dynamic behaviors for a wide range of material properties and loading conditions. Our study broadens the applicability of rheological models to natural and engineered systems by providing a foundation for a more general constitutive model.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
Distinct orbital contributions to electronic and magnetic structures in La${4}$Ni${3}$O$_{10}$
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Shilong Zhang, Hengyuang Zhang, Zehao Dong, Jie Li, Qian Xiao, Mengwu Huo, Hsiao-Yu Huang, Di-Jing Huang, Yayu Wang, Yi Lu, Zhen Chen, Meng Wang, Yingying Peng
High-T$ c$ superconductivity has recently been discovered in Ruddlesden-Popper phase nickelates under pressure, where the low-energy electronic structure is dominated by Ni $ d{x^2 - y^2}$ and $ d_{z^2}$ orbitals. However, the respective roles of these orbitals in superconductivity remain unclear. Here, by combining X-ray absorption, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations on La$ {4}$ Ni$ {3}$ O$ {10}$ single crystals, we identify ligand holes in the $ p{x,y}$ orbitals of planar oxygen and the $ p_z$ orbitals of apical oxygen, which hybridize with the Ni $ d{x^2-y^2}$ and $ d{z^2}$ orbitals, respectively. These ligand holes enable orbital-selective O K-edge resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) study, which reveals that $ d_{x^2-y^2}$ states dominate the low-energy charge excitations and are more itinerant. We also observe a $ \sim$ 0.1 eV bimagnon through RIXS and Raman spectroscopy, which leads to an interlayer superexchange interaction J$ z$ of $ \sim$ 50 meV. Our results reveal distinct contributions of Ni $ d{x^2-y^2}$ and $ d_{z^2}$ orbitals to the electronic and magnetic structure and provide direct experimental insights to understand the RP-phase nickelate superconductors.
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
Squeezing codes: robust fluctuation-stabilized memories
New Submission | Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
We introduce families of classical stochastic dynamics in two and higher dimensions which stabilize order in the absence of any symmetry. Our dynamics are qualitatively distinct from Toom’s rule, and have the unusual feature of being fluctuation-stabilized: their order becomes increasingly fragile in larger dimensions. One of our models maintains an ordered phase only in two dimensions. The phase transitions that occur as the order is lost realize new dynamical universality classes which are fundamentally non-equilibrium in character.
Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
22+15 pages; 15+3 figures
Ambient-pressure superconductivity above 22 K in hole-doped YB2
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Xuejie Li, Wenbo zhao, Yuzhou Hao, Xiaoying Wang, Zhibin Gao, Xiangdong Ding
Recent studies of hydrogen-dominant (superhydride) materials, such as LaH10 have led to putative discoveries of near-room temperature superconductivity at high pressures, with a superconducting transition temperature (Tc) of 250 K observed at 170 GPa. While these findings are promising, achieving such high superconductivity requires challenging experimental conditions typically exceeding 100 GPa. In this study, we utilize first-principles calculations and Migdal-Eliashberg theory to examine the superconducting properties of the stable boron-based compound YB2 at atmospheric pressure, where yttrium and boron atoms form a layered structure. Our results indicate that YB2 exhibits a Tc of 2.14 K at 0 GPa. We find that doping with additional electrons (0 to 0.3) leads to a monotonic decrease in Tc as the electron concentration increases. Conversely, introducing holes significantly enhances Tc, raising it to 22.83 K. Although our findings do not surpass the superconducting temperature of the well-known MgB2, our doping strategy highlights a method for tuning electron-phonon coupling strength in metal borides. This insight could be valuable for future experi-mental applications. Overall, this study not only deepens our understanding of YB2 superconducting properties but also contributes to the ongoing search for high-temperature superconductors.
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
Anomalous Quantum Relaxation in the Infinite Temperature Hubbard Chain
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Catalin Pascu Moca, Balázs Dóra
The self-energy encodes the fundamental lifetime of quasiparticle excitations. In one dimension, it is known to display anomalous behavior at zero temperature for interacting fermions, reflecting the breakdown of Fermi-liquid theory. Here we show that the self-energy is also anomalous in the infinite temperature Hubbard chain, where thermal fluctuations are maximal. Focusing on the second order ring diagram, we find that the imaginary part of the self-energy diverges non-perturbatively: as a power law with exponent $ -1/3$ near half filling, and logarithmically away from it. These divergences imply anomalous temporal relaxation of Green’s functions, confirmed by infinite temperature tensor-network simulations. Our results demonstrate that anomalous relaxation and the breakdown of perturbation theory survive even at maximal entropy, which can be observed in cold-atom experiments probing the Hubbard chain at high temperatures.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
5 pages, 3 figures
Magnetic order tuning of excitons in the magnetic semiconductor CrCl$_3$ through strain
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Ali Ebrahimian, Francisco J. García-Vidal, Juan J. Palacios
Magnon-exciton coupling provides an unprecedented opportunity for the optical tunability of spin information and, viceversa, for the magnetic control of the optical response. Few-layered magnets are an ideal platform for the experimental study of this coupling, in part due to the strong excitonic character of the optical response in (quasi-)two dimensions. Here, we demonstrate a strong dependence of the excitonic oscillator strength on the magnetic order in a monolayer of chromium trichloride CrCl$ _3$ . Solving an effective Bethe-Salpeter equation, we evaluate the changes in the excitonic response as the magnetic order switches from the ferromagnetic state to the antiferromagnetic state when strain is applied. Our results reveal an abrupt change in the spatial localization of the excitons across the transition, which translates into a strong shift and a change of the oscillator strength of the excitonic peaks. This suggests the possibility of using strain as a binary switch of the optical response in this material.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
7 pages, 5 figures
Uniaxial negative thermal expansion in a weak-itinerant-ferromagnetic phase of CoZr${2}$H${3.49}$
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Yuto Watanabe, Kota Suzuki, Takayoshi Katase, Akira Miura, Aichi Yamashita, Yoshikazu Mizuguchi
We discovered unique uniaxial negative thermal expansion (NTE) behavior for a weak-itinerant-ferromagnetic phase of CoZr$ _{2}$ H$ _{3.49}$ . CoZr$ _{2}$ is known as a superconductor exhibiting uniaxial NTE along the $ c$ -axis, which is called anomalous thermal expansion (ATE). Additionally, CoZr$ _{2}$ is also known as a well-absorbent of hydrogen, and hydrogen insertion raises weak-itinerant ferromagnetism instead of superconductivity. However, the influence of hydrogen insertion on ATE behavior in this system is still unclear. To investigate it, we performed powder synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) for CoZr$ {2}$ H$ {3.49}$ . Through Arrott plots analysis, we determined the Curie temperature ($ T{\mathrm{C}}$ ) to be 139 K, and the Rhodes-Wohlfarth ratio was estimated to be 3.49, which clearly exceeds 1, suggesting the itinerancy of emerging ferromagnetism. Temperature dependencies of lattice constants $ a$ and $ c$ were extracted from powder SXRD analyses, and we revealed that lattice constant $ c$ exhibited NTE behavior below $ T{\mathrm{C}}$ . The uniaxial NTE behavior along the $ c$ -axis can be understood by sharpening an antibonding Co3$ dz^{2}$ partial density of states near the Fermi level, linked to the expansion of a one-dimensional Co-Co chain running parallel to the $ c$ -axis.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
12 pages, 9 figures
Super-Solid phase in a U(2) symmetric S = 1 Magnet on the Triangular Lattice
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
A spin supersolid is characterized by the simultaneous breaking of lattice translation and continuous spin rotation symmetries. In this work, we study a spin-1 model with $ U(2)\cong SU(2)\times U(1)/Z_2$ symmetry on the triangular lattice, and the phase diagram is figured out using a variational $ \mathbb CP^2$ approach. We identify a novel $ SU(2)$ -supersolid phase which contains a 3-sublattice solid order and a spin-superfluid order. Unlike usual supersolid phases having noncollinear magnetic order and only one Goldstone mode, the $ SU(2)$ -supersolid phase has collinear Neel order and two Goldstone modes. Another important feature of this supersolid is that the magnon excitation spectrum has symmetry protected double degeneracy in the whole Brillouin zone. As by-products, several other ordered phases are obtained, including the ferromagnetic and the antiferromagnetic states breaking the $ SU(2)$ symmetry, as well as genuine phases that completely breaks the $ U(2)$ symmetry. Furthermore, the instabilities of $ SU(3)$ -flavor linear spin-wave theory are consistent with the phase boundaries between different ordered phases. %dispersions confirm the stability of the classically ordered phases and provides insights into their excitation spectra.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
12 pages, 7 figures
Field-resilient superconducting coplanar waveguide resonators made of Nb, NbTi, and NbTiN
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Bongkeon Kim, Chang Geun Yu, Priyanath Mal, Yong-Joo Doh
Superconducting coplanar waveguide (SCPW) resonators with high internal quality factors (\Q_i) are essential for quantum information applications, but suffer severe Qi degradation under magnetic fields due to quasiparticle generation and vortex-induced losses. We fabricated and characterized Nb, NbTi, and NbTiN SCPW resonators with varying film thicknesses under different temperatures and in-plane magnetic fields ((B_{\parallel})). Temperature-dependent transmission measurements agree well with Mattis-Bardeen theory, revealing kinetic inductance parameters. Comparative analysis shows that 45-nm-thick NbTi resonators maintain (Q_i = 1.01 \times 10^{4}) at ((B_{\parallel})) = 0.4 T, satisfying the dual requirements of high Qi and strong field resilience. Owing to its moderate kinetic inductance and compatibility with conventional photolithography, NbTi emerges as a practical material platform for field-resilient SCPW resonators and hybrid quantum circuits operating in magnetic environments.
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
18 pages, 5 figures
Topological Catenation-induced Pore Size in 2D Olympic Network
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Wenbo Zhao, Guojie Zhang, Hong Liu
Assemblies of ring DNA and proteins, such as kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) and the chainmail-like network of the HK97 bacteriophage capsid, form “Olympic” topologies that govern the dynamics of gene-regulatory proteins, cellular metabolites, and viral genomes. Yet the pore sizes that control transport and diffusion in these topologically linked networks remain poorly quantified. Here, using coarse-grained simulations of idealized square (SQR) and hexagonal (HEX) lattice catenated two-dimensional Olympic networks, we measure pore size as the radius of the largest rigid tracer that can pass through an aperture and delineate how backbone bending stiffness and topological tension regulate this structure. We identify two competing regulators: (i) ring entropic elasticity, which enlarges pores at low stiffness, and (ii) ring rotation angle, which reduces pore size at high stiffness. Their competition yields bimodal pore size distributions over a defined parameter range. Network geometry further modulates spatial correlations in pore size and the pore size autocorrelation time, predicting distinct propagation of perturbations in isostatic (SQR) versus hypostatic (HEX) architectures. These results provide testable predictions for enzyme diffusion kinetics and cargo release in natural or synthetic catenane DNA networks and mechanically interlocked capsid proteins, and offer a theoretical framework for interpreting FRAP (fluorescence recovery after photobleaching) and SMT (single-molecule tracking) measurements in topologically catenated biopolymer networks.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Defect-Charge-Driven 90° Switching in HfO2
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Muting Xie, Hongyu Yu, Zhihao Dai, Yingfen Wei, Changsong Xu, Hongjun Xiang
Hafnium dioxide (HfO2) is a CMOS-compatible ferroelectric showing both 180° and 90° switching, yet the microscopic nature of the 90° pathway remains unresolved. We show that the 90° rotation pathway, negligible in pristine HfO2, becomes dominant under E// [111] when induced by charged oxygen vacancies. This pathway is more fatigue-resistant than the 180° reversal pathway, while delivering the same polarization change along [111] (2Pr=60 {\mu}C/cm^2 ). This charge-driven switching arises from two factors: the crystal geometry of HfO2 and the intrinsic nature of rotational pathways, the latter suggesting a possible general tendency for defect charge to bias rotation over reversal in ferroelectrics. Together these findings reveal a pathway-level origin of fatigue resistance and establish defect charge as a general control parameter for polarization dynamics.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
Nontrivial topology in one- and two-dimensional asymmetric systems with chiral boundary states
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Yunlin Li, Yufu Liu, Xuezhi Wang, Haoran Zhang, Xunya Jiang
Symmetry plays an important role in the topological band theory. In contrary, study on the topological properties of the asymmetric systems is rather limited, especially in higher-dimensional systems. In this work, we explore a new theory to study the topology in various one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) asymmetric systems with chiral boundary states. Starting from the simple SSHm model, we show the chiral topology of its edge states by redefining sublattices. Meanwhile, based on its Rice-Mele-like effective Hamiltonian, a new topological invariant $ \bar{Z}$ can be defined and the bulk-edge correspondence is established. With this clear physical picture, our theory can be extended to the more complex asymmetric ladder models, or even the 2D asymmetric systems. In the 2D BBH3 model, new chiral corner states with redefined lattices are found based on our method. These corner states are independent of any spatial symmetry and exhibit the characteristics of topological bound states in the continuum (TBICs). Moreover, the topological invariant can be calculated by introducing $ \bar{Z}$ into 2D. At last, we propose an acoustic experiment of the BBH3 model where chiral corner states are numerically observed. Our work exhibits a new approach to study the topological properties of asymmetric systems. By redefining sublattices, we find that the models with entirely different structures might share the same topological origins.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
Cu2XSiS4 (X = Ge, Sn, and Pb) materials for solar-cell applications: A DFT+SCAPS-1D simulation
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
H. Laltlanmawii, L. Celestine, R. Zosiamliana, B. Chettri, S. Bhattarai, K. C. Bhamu, D. P. Rai
By means of the first-principles density functional theory (DFT), I2-II-IV-VI4 type Cu-based quaternary chalcogenides Cu 2 XSiS 4 (X = Ge, Sn, and Pb) have been thoroughly investigated. We report the study of Ge and Sn substitution in the divalent cation site for their potential applications in photovoltaics for the first time. The structural, electronic, optical, and mechanical properties have been calculated. The structural and thermal stability is verified by calculating the elastic constants, formation energy and total potential energy at 300 K from the ab-initio molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The compounds under our investigation exhibited an indirect band gap in the range of 1.0–1.56 eV, suitable for energy harvesting by trapping the sunlight. The presence of absorption peaks within the visible region complements their potential in photovoltaic applications. For further validation, we have designed a model of a heterostructure (FTO/TiO2/Cu2XSiS4/CuO/Au) solar cell, and a numerical simulation has been performed by solving the Poisson equation and continuity equations to obtain the I-V characteristic by using SCAPS-1D. All the inputs needed for solar- cell simulation in SCAPS-1D have been taken from the DFT results. The corresponding Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) is denoted by {\eta}% and their respective values for X=Ge, Sn and Pb are 23.46%, 23.29% and 22.60%, at room temperature. The Ge-based system exhibits the highest {\eta}%, owing to its band gap value in the visible range of the solar spectrum. Thus, we report that Ge-based compounds may act as a promising absorber layer in heterostructure solar-cell applications.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
SMC-X: A Distributed Scalable Monte Carlo Simulation Method for Chemically Complex Alloys
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Xianglin Liu, Kai Yang, Fanli Zhou, Pengxiang Xu
To predict the complex chemical evolution in multicomponent alloys, it is highly desirable to have accurate atomistic simulation methods capable of reaching sufficiently large spatial and temporal scales. In this work, we advance the recently proposed SMC-X method through distributed computation on either GPUs or CPUs, pushing both spatial and temporal scales of atomistic simulation of chemically complex alloys to previously inaccessible scales. This includes a 16-billion-atom HEA system extending to the micrometer regime in space, and a 1-billion-atom HEA evolved over more than three million Monte Carlo swap steps, approaching the minute regime in time. We show that such large-scale simulations are essential for bridging the gap between experimental observations and theoretical predictions of the nanoprecipitate sizes in HEAs, based on analysis using the Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner (LSW) theory for diffusion-controlled coarsening. This work demonstrates the great potential of SMC-X for simulation-driven exploration of the chemical complexity in high-entropy materials at large spatial and temporal scales.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
Computing finite–temperature elastic constants with noise cancellation
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Debashish Mukherji, Marcus Müller, Martin H. Müser
Elastic constants are central material properties, frequently reported in experimental and theoretical studies. While their computation is straightforward in the absence of thermal fluctuations, finite–temperature methods often suffer from poor signal–to–noise ratios or the presence of strong anharmonic effects. Here, we show how to compute elastic constants in thermal ordered and disordered systems by generalizing a noise–cancellation method originally developed for piezoelectric coupling coefficients. A slight strain is applied to an equilibrated solid. Simulations of both the strained and unstrained (or oppositely strained) reference systems are performed using identical thermostatting schemes. As demonstrated theoretically and with generic one–dimensional models, this allows stress differences to be evaluated and elastic constants to be determined with much reduced thermal noise. We then apply this approach across a diverse set of systems, spanning crystalline argon, ordered silicon as well as amorphous silicon, poly(methyl methacrylate), and cellulose derivatives.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Tracking spin qubit frequency variations over 912 days
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Kenji Capannelli, Brennan Undseth, Irene Fernández de Fuentes, Eline Raymenants, Florian K. Unseld, Oriol Pietx-Casas, Stephan G. J. Philips, Mateusz T. Mądzik, Sergey V. Amitonov, Larysa Tryputen, Giordano Scappucci, Lieven M. K. Vandersypen
Solid-state qubits are sensitive to their microscopic environment, causing the qubit properties to fluctuate on a wide range of timescales. The sub-Hz end of the spectrum is usually dealt with by repeated background calibrations, which bring considerable overhead. It is thus important to characterize and understand the low-frequency variations of the relevant qubit characteristics. In this study, we investigate the stability of spin qubit frequencies in the Si/SiGe quantum dot platform. We find that the calibrated qubit frequencies of a six-qubit device vary by up to $ \pm 100$ MHz while performing a variety of experiments over a span of 912 days. These variations are sensitive to the precise voltage settings of the gate electrodes, however when these are kept constant to within 15 $ \mathrm{\mu}$ V, the qubit frequencies vary by less than $ \pm 7$ MHz over periods up to 36 days. During overnight scans, the qubit frequencies of ten qubits across two different devices show a standard deviation below 200 kHz within a 1-hour time window. The qubit frequency noise spectral density shows roughly a $ 1/f$ trend above $ 10^{-4}$ Hz and, strikingly, a steeper trend at even lower frequencies.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
32 pages (13 for main text and 19 for supplementary) and 27 figures (8 for main and 19 for supplementary)
A GND-based back stress model for reverse loading in metal sheets with consideration of GNB
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Gyu-Jang Sim, Jehyun You, SeongHwan Choi, Youngjae Kim, Chung An Lee, Hyunki Kim, Donghwan Noh, Myoung-Gyu Lee
Accurate prediction of springback and formability in sheet metal forming requires understanding reverse loading behavior under complex loading path changes, such as tension followed by compression. However, for ultra-thin sheets experimental characterization of such behavior is difficult due to compressive instability like plastic buckling. This study presents a crystal plasticity finite element method (CPFEM) incorporating a physically motivated back stress model based on geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) and boundaries (GNBs). The model captures grain size effects, including the Hall-Petch and Bauschinger effects, through a single grain size-dependent back stress parameter, enabling reverse loading prediction using only tensile data from specimens with different grain sizes. The back stress parameter was calibrated by fitting tensile stress-strain curves from two microstructures - one as-received and one annealed. Without using Tension-Compression (T-C) data for calibration, the model accurately predicted reverse loading behavior in low-carbon steel (0.64 mm thick) and Tension-Bending (T-B) responses in ultra-thin SUS316 (0.083 mm thick) when the developed theory was incorporated to an upscaled anisotropic hardening model. Identifiability analysis confirmed that the model parameters are uniquely determined by the available data. This physically interpretable framework provides an efficient and robust means to predict reverse loading in thin metal sheets, overcoming experimental limitations.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
Luttinger surface and exchange splitting induced by ferromagnetic fluctuations
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Motoharu Kitatani, Yusuke Nomura, Shiro Sakai, Ryotaro Arita
Ferromagnetism in the single-orbital Hubbard model, which contains only local Coulomb repulsion and no explicit ferromagnetic exchange interactions, has been extensively studied. However, how the associated fluctuations influence the electronic properties near the transition remains a fundamental issue. Here, by applying the dynamical vertex approximation (D$ \Gamma$ A) to single-orbital systems with a partially flat band dispersion, we demonstrate that finite-correlation-length ferromagnetic fluctuations generate an emergent Luttinger surface and drive a Fermi surface expansion reminiscent of exchange splitting, even without magnetic order. We further derive an analytical expression that reproduces these effects, clarifying the microscopic origin for fluctuation-driven exchange splitting in correlated electron systems.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
6+4 pages, 5+5 figures
Avalanche-like lithium intercalation and intraparticle correlations in graphite
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Jiho Han, George S. Phillips, Alice J. Merryweather, Juhwan Lim, Christoph Schnedermann, Robert L. Jack, Clare P. Grey, Akshay Rao
Graphite is the most widely used anode material in lithium-ion batteries with over 98% market share. However, despite its first application over 30 years ago, the lithium insertion processes and associated dynamics in graphite remain poorly understood, especially for the dilute stages. A fundamental understanding of how the symmetry-breaking phase transitions occur pseudo-continuously under operating conditions is still lacking. Here, we provide a unified picture of ion intercalation dynamics during the dilute stages of graphite intercalation, using operando optical microscopy combined with random field Ising modelling. We show that during the dilute stages, single graphite particle undergoes rapid, localised avalanche-like (de)intercalation, leading to micron-sized regions (de)intercalating within seconds. These avalanches are reminiscent of phase transition behaviour seen in disordered materials such as martensitic transformations, Barkhausen noise and ferroelectric/elastic materials - associated with step changes in the order parameter, where the system changes from one phase to another under an applied driving force by jumping from one metastable state to another. Here, using a modified random field Ising model, we relate these avalanches to static disorder in graphite, which disrupts ion filling dynamics, leading to pseudo-continuous transitions between stages, accounting for the experimental electrochemistry profile as well as the temperature dependent avalanche dynamics. Finally, we develop a methodology to spatio-temporally analyse avalanches between intraparticle regions, revealing spatially heterogeneous connectivity and temporal patterns between regions during the dilute stages. Our work highlights the role of local and static disorder in eliciting unexpected phase transition behaviour, and provides new tools and concepts for studying layered battery materials.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
Low Temperature MOCVD Synthesis of high-mobility 2D InSe
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Robin Günkel, Oliver Maßmeyer, Markus Stein, Sebastian Anhäuser, Kalle Bräumer, Rodrigo Sandoval Rodriguez, Daniel Anders, Badrosadat Ojaghi Dogahe, Max Bergmann, Milan Solanki, Nils Fritjof Langlotz, Johannes Glowatzki, Jürgen Belz, Andreas Beyer, Gregor Witte, Sangam Chatterjee, Kerstin Volz
Two-dimensional (2D) indium selenide (InSe) is a layered semiconductor with high electron mobility and a tunable band gap ranging from 1.25 eV in the bulk to 2.8 eV in the monolayer limit. These properties make these materials strong candidates for future logic and optoelectronic devices. However, growing phase-pure InSe remains challenging due to the complex indium-selenium (In-Se) phase diagram. This complexity and the sensitivity of chemical precursors to growth conditions make it difficult to control which In-Se phase forms during synthesis during, e.g., metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Despite the challenges, MOCVD is considered the most promising approach for growing InSe, as it enables wafer-scale, uniform, and controllable deposition-key requirements for device integration. In this study, we present a systematic investigation of InSe synthesis via MOCVD on c-plane sapphire substrates at low temperatures, which are highly relevant for various integration schemes. By varying the Se/In precursor ratio and the growth temperature, we create a phase diagram that covers the In-rich, equal stoichiometric, and Se-rich InxSey phases. Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, supported by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy, confirm conditions, under which the formation of 2D InSe is observed. Atomically-resolved cross-sectional scanning transmission electron microscopy also reveals an epitaxial alignment of the InSe with the sapphire substrate mediated by a specific interface reconstruction. The epitaxial alignment is verified by in-plane X-ray diffraction across large length scales. Samples grown under optimized conditions exhibit a strong optical absorption in the visible range and especially a comparably high electron mobility underlining the potential of the MOCVD-grown material for future applications.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
Dynamically stable optical trapping of thermophoretically active Janus colloids
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
The ability to optically trap and manipulate artificial microswimmers such as active Janus particles (JPs) provides a breakthrough in active matter research and applications. However, it presents significant challenges because of the asymmetry in the optical properties of JPs and remains incomprehensible. Illustrating the interplay between optical and thermophoretic forces, we demonstrate dynamically stable optical trapping of Pt-silica JPs, where the force-balanced position evolves spontaneously within a localized volume around the focal point and in a vertically shifted annular confinement at low and high laser powers, respectively. Intriguingly, the orientational and orbital dynamics of JP remain strongly coupled in the delocalized confinement. Furthermore, we demonstrate simultaneous optical trapping of multiple JPs. This first report on thermophoresis of Pt-silica JPs and localized-to-delocalized crossover in the position distributions of an optically trapped active JP, verifying theoretical predictions, advances our understanding on confined active matter and their experimental realizations.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), Optics (physics.optics)
10 pages, 4 figures and Supporting information
Room-temperature superconductivity in ultra-thin carbon nanotube zeolite composites: a conventional or unconventional superconductor?
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
The recent report of signs of room-temperature superconductivity in ultrathin single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) of types (2,1) and (3,0) holds significant promise for energy applications due to their ability to conduct current without dissipation. However, the McMillan Tc formula fails to calculate their superconducting transition temperatures (Tc) accurately, which raises an important question: what is the pairing mechanism driving their room-temperature superconductivity? To explore this further, we first investigate whether the strong curvature of ultrathin CNT leads to exotic phenomena in unconventional superconductors. If no evidence of these exotic characteristics is found and the McMillan formalism indicates that it is not a BCS-type superconductor, could we be observing a new class of unconventional superconductivity that functions independently of phonons and typical exotic features? In this paper, we demonstrate that factors such as the chiral angle of CNT, boron dopants and lattice regularity can be used to tune the theoretical Tc to experimental values. Our finding suggests that combining CNT with a harder substrate could be vital for further enhancing Tc while minimizing lattice distortion under doping. We propose a reconsideration of the common belief regarding whether the McMillan and BCS Tc formulas are adequate for classifying materials as BCS or non-BCS superconductors.
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
Preformed Cooper Pairing and the Uncondensed Normal-State Component in Phase-Fluctuating Cuprate Superconductivity
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
We develop a self-consistent microscopic framework beyond mean-field theory for superconductivity in cuprates. It couples fermionic quasiparticles with collective phase dynamics to treat the superconducting gap and superfluid stiffness. The phase sector explicitly incorporates both smooth bosonic Nambu-Goldstone phase fluctuations, renormalized by long-range Coulomb interactions, and topological Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless-type vortex-antivortex fluctuations. The required input is the correlated single-particle spectral function, enabling direct interfacing with Hubbard-type models. The framework provides quantitative access to key superconducting observables, including $ T$ -dependent gap and phase stiffness, gap-closing temperature $ T_{\rm os}$ , and transition temperature $ T_c$ , across wide ranges of doping. Using a recently proposed solvable interaction model as input, our simulations reveal several important features consistent with experimental observations in the cuprates: a $ d$ -wave superconducting dome in the $ T$ -$ p$ phase diagram with a shoulder-like anomaly in the underdoped regime, a pronounced separation between $ T_c$ and $ T_{\rm os}$ signaling preformed Cooper pairing, a finite uncondensed normal component persisting even at $ T=0$ , and the onset temperature $ T_{\rm on,vortex}$ of vortex signals, offering a consistent understanding of how strong correlations and phase fluctuations cooperate to shape high-$ T_c$ superconductivity.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
Dynamic Heterogeneity and Facilitation in Sheared Granular Materials: Insights from 3D Triaxial Testing
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Kwangmin Lee, Brett S. Kuwik, Ryan C. Hurley
Strain localization in granular materials arises from complex microscale dynamics, including intermittent particle rearrangements and spatiotemporally correlated deformation. While dynamic heterogeneity (DH) and dynamic facilitation (DF) have been widely studied in two-dimensional amorphous materials, their prevalence in three-dimensional (3D) granular systems remains unclear. Here, we performed a 3D triaxial compression test with in-situ X-ray computed tomography to track particle-scale kinematics across small and large strain increments. We analyzed deviatoric strain, volumetric strain, and non-affine motion fields, computed four-point spatial dynamic correlation functions to probe DH, quantified DF through a facilitation ratio, and assessed temporal persistence of local dynamics using four-point temporal dynamic correlations. Across large strain increments, DH and DF emerge strongly in the transition regime between the initially elastic response and the critical state regime, but weaken or become statistically insignificant within the shear band at the critical state, indicating a qualitative change in microscale dynamics upon localization. In contrast, under small increments, both measures are suppressed across all regimes. These results demonstrate that correlated dynamics depend strongly on both strain increment and deformation regime. This work provides the first comprehensive investigation of DH and DF in 3D granular materials and highlights their strain-increment and regime-dependent behaviors, establishing a connection to glassy dynamics in amorphous solids.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
8 pages, 10 figures
Spin band geometry drives intrinsic thermal spin magnetization and current
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Sankar Sarkar, Harsh Varshney, Sayan Sarkar, Amit Agarwal
Generating spin magnetization and spin currents without magnetic or electric fields is a key frontier in spin caloritronics. Spin responses driven by thermal gradients offer a promising route, though the band geometric origin of intrinsic mechanisms, especially in non-magnetic materials, remains poorly understood. Here we develop a unified quantum theory of thermal spin magnetization and spin currents in itinerant electrons, rooted in spin band geometry with both Fermi-surface and Fermi-sea contributions. We identify two key geometric quantities: the spin-velocity metric tensor, which governs thermal spin magnetization, and the spin geometric tensor, combining spin Berry curvature and spin quantum metric, which generates thermal spin currents. These intrinsic contributions persist and can even dominate in non-magnetic insulators. Numerical calculations for chiral metal RhGe and antiferromagnet CuMnAs demonstrate sizable thermal spin responses near band crossings. Our results establish the band geometric origin of thermal spin transport and provide guiding principles for discovering and engineering next-generation spin caloritronic materials.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
8 pages, 3 figures. Suggestions are most welcome!
Electronic crystals in layered materials
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
You Zhou, Ilya Esterlis, Tomasz Smoleński
In modern two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene-based systems and atomically-thin transition-metal dichalcogenides, the interplay of strong electronic correlations, tunable moiré superlattices, and nontrivial band topology has given rise to rich phase diagrams and collective phenomena. Among the novel phases that have been realized, electronic crystals – states of matter in which itinerant electrons spontaneously crystallize – play a particularly prominent role. In this Review, we summarize the current status of electron crystallization in van der Waals heterostructures, with emphasis on the experimental platforms and measurement techniques that enable their study. We also highlight open questions and outline future directions that may elucidate more of the fascinating properties of electronic crystals.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
Review article to appear in “npj 2D materials and applications”. Comments welcome. 9 pages, 6 figures
Observation of Discrete Time Quasicrystal in Rydberg Atomic Gases
New Submission | Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Dong-Yang Zhu, Zheng-Yuan Zhang, Qi-Feng Wang, Yu Ma, Tian-Yu Han, Chao Yu, Qiao-Qiao Fang, Shi-Yao Shao, Qing Li, Ya-Jun Wang, Jun Zhang, Han-Chao Chen, Xin Liu, Jia-Dou Nan, Yi-Ming Yin, Li-Hua Zhang, Guang-Can Guo, Bang Liu, Dong-Sheng Ding, Bao-Sen Shi
Discrete time quasicrystals (DTQC) constitute a class of non-equilibrium matter characterized by temporal order without strict periodicity, in contrast to conventional time crystals. Investigating these phenomena is essential for expanding our fundamental understanding of far-from-equilibrium quantum matter and spontaneous symmetry breaking beyond periodic regimes. Here, we experimentally observe a DTQC in a driven-dissipative ensemble of strongly interacting Rydberg atoms, displaying non-equilibrium dynamical response with a different finite Abelian group symmetry $ \mathbb{Z}{_m} \times \mathbb{Z}{_n}$ . By applying a quasi-periodic drive using a dual-frequency drive with incommensurate frequencies, we demonstrate that the system exhibits a robust subharmonic response at multiple incommensurate frequencies, signifying the emergence of a DTQC phase. We map the full phase diagram of the system, which includes the DTQC phase, and demonstrated its rigidity against perturbations in both RF field intensity and laser detuning. Moreover, we observe a cyclic group symmetry effect that constrains the construction of $ \mathbb{Z}{_2} \times \mathbb{Z}{_3}$ -symmetric DTQC. This work establishes a versatile platform for studying non-equilibrium phases of matter and provides insights into the dynamics of time-translation symmetry breaking in quantum many-body systems.
Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Decaying superfluid turbulence near an anomalous non-thermal fixed point
New Submission | Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Anomalously slow coarsening in a dilute two-dimensional (2d) superfluid – associated with a non-thermal fixed point in the closed system’s universal dynamics and driven by three-vortex collisions which initiate vortex-pair annihilations – is found to exhibit spatial scaling characteristics of Kraichnan-Kolmogorov turbulence. During a universal interval, when the characteristic length scale related to the inter-defect distance grows as $ \ell_\text{v}\sim t^{,\beta}$ , with $ \beta\approx1/5$ , moments of the superfluid velocity circulation around an area of extent $ r$ scale as predicted by classical turbulence theory, $ \Gamma^{p}(r)\sim r^{4p/3}$ . Intermittency corrections seen for higher values of $ p$ are found to be consistent with values measured for fully developed, classical turbulence. Hence, we link the decaying quantum turbulence cascade in a closed superfluid to universal dynamics close to a non-thermal fixed point. The decay exponent $ \beta$ clearly deviates from values known for classical systems.
Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
13 pages, 11 figures
Modeling Ferrimagnets in MuMax3: Temperature-Dependent Skyrmion Dynamics
New Submission | Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Valerii Antonov, Mikhail Letushev, Michail Bazrov, Zhimba Namsaraev, Ekaterina Steblii, Aleksey Kozlov, Aleksandr Davydenko, Maksim Stebliy
In this work, we propose an approach to modeling ferrimagnets in MuMax3. We show that by specifying two interacting magnetic sublattices as separate layers, it is possible to reproduce a sperimagnetic-like ordering of magnetization. In such a system, magnetic and angular momentum compensation states can be achieved only by varying the temperature while keeping other parameters fixed. This behavior arises from the different temperature dependencies of the magnetization projections in the sublattices, as determined by their thermal functions. We also investigated the motion of a skyrmion under the action of a spin-polarized current. By changing the temperature, we observed both the disappearance of the skyrmion Hall effect at the angular compensation point and the maximum velocity of translational motion. The latter effect requires a modified version of MuMax3 that allows the g-factor to be specified for different regions. The proposed approach can also be applied to study other phenomena in ferrimagnets, including the influence of composition on the magnetic and angular compensation temperatures, the tilted phase, domain-wall motion, and effects arising from non-uniform current or temperature distributions.
Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
Topological nontrivial berry phase in altermagnet CrSb
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-09-26 20:00 EDT
Jianhua Du, Xin Peng, Yuzhi Wang, Shengnan Zhang, Yuran Sun, Chunxiang Wu, Tingyu Zhou, Le Liu, Hangdong Wang, Jinhu Yang, Bin Chen, Chuanying Xi, Zhiwei Jiao, Quansheng Wu, Minghu Fang
The study of topological properties in magnetic materials has long been one of the forefront research areas in condensed matter physics. CrSb, as a prototypical candidate material for altermagnetism, has attracted significant attention due to its unique magnetic properties. This system provides a novel platform for exploring the intrinsic relationship between altermagnetic order and exotic topological states. In this study, we combine systematic electrical transport experiments with first-principles calculations to investigate the possible realization mechanisms of topological semimetal states in CrSb and their manifestations in quantum transport phenomena. Our high field magneto-transport measurements reveal that the magnetoresistance of CrSb exhibits no sign of saturation up to 35 T, following a distinct power-law dependence with an exponent of 1.48. The nonlinear Hall resistivity further indicates a multiband charge transport mechanism. Under high magnetic fields, we observe pronounced Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) quantum oscillations and discernible Zeeman-effect-induced band splitting at 1.6 K. Systematic Fermi surface and band calculations combined with Berry phase analysis confirm the nontrivial topological character of this material (with a Berry phase approaching {\pi}). These findings not only provide crucial experimental evidence for understanding the electronic structure of CrSb, but also establish an important foundation for investigating topological quantum states in altermagnets.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
10 pages, 5 figures