CMP Journal 2025-01-03
Statistics
Physical Review Letters: 17
arXiv: 106
Physical Review Letters
Topologically Robust Quantum Network Nonlocality
Research article | Nonlocality | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Sadra Boreiri, Tamás Kriváchy, Pavel Sekatski, Antoine Girardin, and Nicolas Brunner
We discuss quantum network Bell nonlocality in a setting where the network structure is not fully known. More concretely, an honest user may trust their local network topology, but not the structure of the rest of the network, involving distant (and potentially dishonest) parties. We demonstrate that quantum network nonlocality can still be demonstrated in such a setting, hence exhibiting topological robustness. Specifically, we present quantum distributions obtained from a simple network that cannot be reproduced by classical models, even when the latter are based on more powerful networks. In particular, we show that in a large ring network, the knowledge of only a small part of the network structure (involving only two or three neighboring parties) is enough to guarantee nonlocality over the entire network. This shows that quantum network nonlocality can be extremely robust to changes in the network topology. Moreover, we demonstrate that applications of quantum nonlocality, such as the black-box certification of randomness and entanglement, are also possible in such a setting.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 010202 (2025)
Nonlocality, Quantum correlations in quantum information, Quantum correlations, foundations & formalism, Quantum foundations
Orbital Angular Momentum Experiment Converting Contextuality into Nonlocality
Research article | Nonlocality | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Jianqi Sheng, Dongkai Zhang, and Lixiang Chen
It was recently revealed by Cabello in a theoretical Letter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 070401 (2021)] that nonlocality and contextuality, as two intuitively distinctive yet both critical quantum resources, can be surprisingly connected through Bell inequalities associated with state-independent contextuality sets. It provides a general unified method capable of converting contextuality into bipartite nonlocality. However, experimental tests of the inequalities are challenging and noise sensitive, and the requirements for the quantum states purity, dimensionality, and degree of entanglement have blocked the experimental implementation. We report a first experimental test of Cabello's inequalities from state-independent contextuality sets, by leveraging two-photon high-dimensional orbital angular momentum entangled states. Distinguishing from the standard single-particle ways, our experiment spotlights that the state-independent contextuality sets can be tested in a bipartite scenario, by which the ''compatibility'' or ''sharpness'' loopholes can be effectively avoided. Our results provide a new perspective and demonstrate the principle that contextuality, a widely used quantum resource, can be used in different physical scenarios.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 010203 (2025)
Nonlocality, Optical tests of quantum theory, Optical vortices, Quantum correlations, foundations & formalism
Navier-Stokes Equations for Nearly Integrable Quantum Gases
Research article | Kinetic theory | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Maciej Łebek and Miłosz Panfil
Navier-Stokes equations are shown to emerge from a generalized hydrodynamics description for nearly integrable 1D models.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 010405 (2025)
Kinetic theory, 1-dimensional systems, Ultracold gases, Boltzmann theory, Hydrodynamics, Integrable systems
Experimental Realization of Direct Entangling Gates between Dual-Type Qubits
Research article | Quantum gates | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Chenxi Wang, Chuanxin Huang, Hongxuan Zhang, Hongyuan Hu, Zhichao Mao, Panyu Hou, Yukai Wu, Zichao Zhou, and Luming Duan
Dual-type qubits have become a promising way to suppress the
crosstalk error of auxiliary operations in large-scale ion trap quantum
computation. Here we demonstrate a direct entangling gate between
dual-type qubits encoded in the
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 010601 (2025)
Quantum gates, Quantum information with trapped ions, Trapped ions
Multitwist Trajectories and Decoupling Zeros in Conformal Field Theory
Research article | Conformal field theory | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Alexandre Homrich, David Simmons-Duffin, and Pedro Vieira
Conformal Regge theory predicts the existence of analytically
continued conformal field theory data for complex spin. How could this
work when there are so many more operators with large spin compared to
small spin? Using planar
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 011602 (2025)
Conformal field theory, Integrability in field theory
New Standard for the Logarithmic Accuracy of Parton Showers
Research article | Perturbative QCD | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Melissa van Beekveld, Mrinal Dasgupta, Basem Kamal El-Menoufi, Silvia Ferrario Ravasio, Keith Hamilton, Jack Helliwell, Alexander Karlberg, Pier Francesco Monni, Gavin P. Salam, Ludovic Scyboz, Alba Soto-Ontoso, and Gregory Soyez
We report on a major milestone in the construction of logarithmically
accurate final-state parton showers, achieving
next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy for the wide class
of observables known as event shapes. The key to this advance lies in
the identification of the relation between critical NNLL analytic
resummation ingredients and their parton-shower counterparts. Our
analytic discussion is supplemented with numerical tests of the
logarithmic accuracy of three shower variants for more than a dozen
distinct event-shape observables in
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 011901 (2025)
Perturbative QCD, QCD phenomenology, Quark & gluon jets
Production and Stabilization of a Spin Mixture of Ultracold Dipolar Bose Gases
Research article | Bose gases | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Maxime Lecomte, Alexandre Journeaux, Julie Veschambre, Jean Dalibard, and Raphael Lopes
Mixtures of ultracold gases with long-range interactions are expected
to open new avenues in the study of quantum matter. Natural candidates
for this research are spin mixtures of atomic species with large
magnetic moments. However, the lifetime of such assemblies can be
strongly affected by the dipolar relaxation that occurs in spin-flip
collisions. Here we present experimental results for a mixture composed
of the two lowest Zeeman states of
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 013402 (2025)
Bose gases, Cold atoms & matter waves, Dipolar atoms, Long-range interactions, Spinor Bose-Einstein condensates, Van der Waals interaction
Nonlinear Optics Using Intense Optical Coherent State Superpositions
Research article | High-order harmonic generation | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Th. Lamprou, J. Rivera-Dean, P. Stammer, M. Lewenstein, and P. Tzallas
Superpositions of coherent light states are vital for quantum technologies. However, restrictions in existing state preparation and characterization schemes, in combination with decoherence effects, prevent their intensity enhancement and implementation in nonlinear optics. Here, by developing a decoherence-free approach, we generate intense femtosecond-duration infrared coherent state superpositions (CSSs) with a mean photon number orders of magnitude higher than the existing CSS sources. We utilize them in nonlinear optics to drive the second harmonic generation process in an optical crystal. We experimentally and theoretically show that the nonclassical nature of the intense infrared CSS is imprinted in the second-order autocorrelation traces. Additionally, theoretical analysis shows that the quantum features of the infrared CSS are also present in the generated second harmonic. The findings introduce the optical CSS into the realm of nonlinear quantum optics, opening up new paths in quantum information science and quantum light engineering by creating nonclassical light states in various spectral regions via nonlinear up-conversion processes.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 013601 (2025)
High-order harmonic generation, Quantum states of light
Narrowband Terahertz Emission from a Plasma Oscillator Imbedded in a Plasma Density Gradient
Research article | Laser-plasma interactions | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Manoj Kumar, Bernhard Ersfeld, Jaeho Lee, Dohyun Park, Seungyun Kim, Inhyuk Nam, Minseok Kim, Seongjin Jeon, Dino A. Jaroszynski, Hyyong Suk, and Min Sup Hur
A novel method is presented for generating radiation using the beat wave of a bifrequency laser pulse to excite plasma oscillations in a plasma slab that has a density gradient. The plasma wave is localized where it is excited resonantly and becomes a plasma oscillator that produces a beam of radially polarized, terahertz radiation. Particle-in-cell simulations and a theoretical analysis are used to demonstrate its main characteristics, such as its narrow bandwidth. The radiator should have useful applications including driving terahertz-band particle accelerators and for pump-probe experiments.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 015001 (2025)
Laser-plasma interactions, Terahertz generation in plasmas, Laboratory plasma, Particle-in-cell methods
Stability and Mobility of Disconnections in Solute Atmospheres: Insights from Interfacial Defect Diagrams
Research article | Crystal structure | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Chongze Hu, Douglas L. Medlin, and Rémi Dingreville
This Letter explores the stability of disconnections (step-dislocation defects) at grain boundaries in binary alloys. We introduce interfacial defect diagrams, derived from atomistic simulations and segregation theory, to predict the stability of disconnections in the temperature-solute concentration phase space and relate it to governing segregation mechanisms. These diagrams reveal multiple stability regimes influenced by solute-induced clustering and pinning effects impacting the thermal migration of disconnections and offering insights into their thermodynamics and kinetic properties.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 016202 (2025)
Crystal structure, Defects, Disclinations & dislocations, Doping effects, Line defects, Microstructure
Piezoresistivity as a Fingerprint of Ferroaxial Transitions
Research article | Electrical conductivity | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Ezra Day-Roberts, Rafael M. Fernandes, and Turan Birol
Recent progress in the understanding of the collective behavior of
electrons and ions has revealed new types of ferroic orders beyond
ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism, such as the ferroaxial state. The
latter retains only rotational symmetry around a single axis and
reflection symmetry with respect to a single mirror plane, both of which
are set by an emergent electric toroidal dipole moment. Because of this
unusual symmetry-breaking pattern, it has been challenging to directly
measure the ferroaxial order parameter, despite the increasing attention
this state has drawn. Here, we show that off-diagonal components of the
piezoresistivity tensor (i.e., the linear change in resistivity under
strain) transform the same way as the ferroaxial moments, providing a
direct probe of such order parameters. We identify two new proper
ferroaxial materials through a materials database search, and use
first-principles calculations to evaluate the piezoconductivity of the
double-perovskite
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 016401 (2025)
Electrical conductivity, Landau theory, Perovskites, Density functional calculations, Group theory
Spin
Correlations in the Parent Phase of
Research article | Electronic structure | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Hongliang Wo, Bingying Pan, Die Hu, Yu Feng, A. D. Christianson, and Jun Zhao
Elucidating spin correlations in the parent compounds of
high-temperature superconductors is crucial for understanding
superconductivity. We used neutron scattering to study spin correlations
in
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 016501 (2025)
Electronic structure, Spin fluctuations, Superconductivity, Strongly correlated systems, Inelastic neutron scattering
Ultrafast Pseudomagnetic Fields from Electron-Nuclear Quantum Geometry
Research article | Electron-phonon coupling | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Lennart Klebl, Arne Schobert, Martin Eckstein, Giorgio Sangiovanni, Alexander V. Balatsky, and Tim O. Wehling
Recent experiments demonstrate precise control over coherently
excited circular phonon modes using high-intensity terahertz lasers,
opening new pathways towards dynamical, ultrafast design of magnetism in
functional materials. While the phonon Zeeman effect enables a
theoretical description of phonon-induced magnetism, it lacks efficient
angular momentum transfer from the phonon to the electron sector. In
this work, we put forward a coupling mechanism based on electron-nuclear
quantum geometry, with the inverse Faraday effect as a limiting case.
This effect is rooted in the phase accumulation of the electronic wave
function under a circular evolution of nuclear coordinates. An
excitation pulse then induces a transient level splitting between
electronic orbitals that carry angular momentum. First-principles
simulations on
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 016705 (2025)
Electron-phonon coupling, Ferroelectricity, Light-induced magnetic effects, Magnetic coupling, Magneto-optical Kerr effect, Pseudo Jahn-Teller effect, Floquet systems, Perovskites, Density functional theory
Hall Mass and Transverse Noether Spin Currents in Noncollinear Antiferromagnets
Research article | Hall effect | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Luke Wernert, Bastián Pradenas, Oleg Tchernyshyov, and Hua Chen
Noncollinear antiferromagnets (AFMs) have recently attracted attention in the emerging field of antiferromagnetic spintronics because of their various interesting properties. Because of the noncollinear magnetic order, the localized electron spins on different magnetic sublattices are not conserved even when spin-orbit coupling is neglected, making it difficult to understand the transport of spin angular momentum. Here we study the conserved Noether current due to spin-rotation symmetry of the local spins in noncollinear AFMs. Interestingly, we find that a Hall component of the spin current can be generically created by a longitudinal driving force associated with a propagating spin wave, inherently distinguishing noncollinear AFMs from collinear ones. We coin the corresponding Hall coefficient, an isotropic rank-four tensor, as the Hall (inverse) mass, which generally exists in noncollinear AFMs and their polycrystals. The resulting Hall spin current can be realized by spin pumping in a ferromagnet-noncollinear AFM bilayer structure as we demonstrate numerically, for which we also give the criteria of ideal boundary conditions. Our results shed light on the potential of noncollinear AFMs in manipulating the polarization and flow of spin currents in general spintronic devices.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 016706 (2025)
Hall effect, Spin current, Spintronics, Noncollinear magnets
X-Ray Diffraction Reveals the Consequences of Strong Deformation in Thin Smectic Films: Dilation and Chevron Formation
Research article | Conformation & topology | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Jean de Dieu Niyonzima, Haifa Jeridi, Lamya Essaoui, Caterina Tosarelli, Alina Vlad, Alessandro Coati, Sebastien Royer, Isabelle Trimaille, Michel Goldmann, Bruno Gallas, Doru Constantin, David Babonneau, Yves Garreau, Bernard Croset, Samo Kralj, Randall D. Kamien, and Emmanuelle Lacaze
A combination of nonlinear theory and x-ray diffraction experiments of smectic liquid crystals reveals the need for a nonlinear energy term to correctly describe the spacing of smectic layers.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 018101 (2025)
Conformation & topology, Distortions & defects, Liquid crystals, Smectic liquid crystals, Thermotropic liquid crystals, Grazing-incidence small-angle x-ray scattering, X-ray diffraction
Colloidal Crystallization on Cones
Research article | Crystal defects | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Jessica H. Sun, Grace H. Zhang, Abigail Plummer, Caroline Martin, Nabila Tanjeem, David R. Nelson, and Vinothan N. Manoharan
On conical surfaces with sufficiently small cone angle, dislocations allow colloidal crystals to grow beyond the point of geometric frustration.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 018201 (2025)
Crystal defects, Crystal growth, Crystal orientation, Crystal phenomena, Crystal structure, Crystallization, Depletion interactions, Elastic deformation, Self-assembly
Evolving Motility of Active Droplets is Captured by a Self-Repelling Random Walk Model
Research article | Diffusiophoresis | 2025-01-03 05:00 EST
Wenjun Chen, Adrien Izzet, Ruben Zakine, Eric Clément, Eric Vanden-Eijnden, and Jasna Brujic
In living matter, concentration gradients of nutrients carve the motility of microorganisms in a heterogeneous environment. Here, we use swimming droplets as a model system to study how swimmer-trail interactions guide locomotion. Combining experiments and theory, we show that our non-Markovian droplet model quantitatively captures droplet motility. The two fit parameters provide the first estimate of the effective temperature arising from hydrodynamic flows and the coupling strength of the propulsion force. This framework is general and explains memory effects, droplet hovering, and enhanced collective motion.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 018301 (2025)
Diffusiophoresis, Living matter & active matter, Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, Random walks, Self-avoiding walks, Stochastic processes
arXiv
A Functional Human Liver Tissue Model: 3D Bioprinted Co-culture Discoids
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Vignesh Subramaniam, Carolina Abrahan, Brett Higgins, Steven J. Chisolm, Baleigh Sweeney, Senthilkumar Duraivel, Leandro Balzano-Nogueira, Glyn D. Palmer, Thomas E. Angelini
To reduce costs and delays related to developing new and effective drugs, there is a critical need for improved human liver tissue models. Here we describe an approach for 3D bioprinting functional human liver tissue models, in which we fabricate disc-shaped structures (discoids) 200 {}m in thickness and 1-3 mm in diameter, embedded in a highly permeable support medium made from packed microgels. We demonstrate that the method is precise, accurate, and scalable; up to 100 tissues per hour can be manufactured with a variability and error in diameter of about 4%. Histologic and immunohistochemical evaluation of printed discs reveal self-organization, cell cohesion, and key liver marker expression. During the course of 3-4 weeks in culture, the tissues stably synthesize albumin and urea at high levels, outperforming spheroid tissue models. We find the tissues express more than 100 genes associated with molecular absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) at levels within the range of human liver. The liver tissue models exhibit enzymatic formation of metabolites after exposure to multiple test compounds. Together, these results demonstrate the promise of 3D printed discoids for pharmacological and toxicological applications.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph), Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
34 pages, 7 figures, 2 supplementary figures
Theory of superconducting proximity effect in hole-based hybrid semiconductor-superconductor devices
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
D. Michel Pino, Rubén Seoane-Souto, Maria José Calderón, Ramón Aguado, José Carlos Abadillo-Uriel
Hybrid superconductor-semiconductor systems have received a great deal of attention in the last few years because of their potential for quantum engineering, including novel qubits and topological devices. The proximity effect, the process by which the semiconductor inherits superconducting correlations, is an essential physical mechanism of such hybrids. Recent experiments have demonstrated the proximity effect in hole-based semiconductors, but, in contrast to electrons, the precise mechanism by which the hole bands acquire superconducting correlations remains an open question. In addition, hole spins exhibit a complex strong spin-orbit interaction, with largely anisotropic responses to electric and magnetic fields, further motivating the importance of understanding the interplay between such effects and the proximity effect. In this work, we analyze this physics with focus on germanium-based two-dimensional gases. Specifically, we develop an effective theory supported by full numerics, allowing us to extract various analytical expressions and predict different types of superconducting correlations including non-standard forms of singlet and triplet pairing mechanisms with non-trivial momentum dependence; as well as different Zeeman and Rashba spin-orbit contributions. This, together with their precise dependence on electric and magnetic fields, allows us to make specific experimental predictions, including the emergence of f-type superconductivity, Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces, and gapless regimes caused by large in-plane magnetic fields.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
13 pages, 9 figures, plus Appendices
Evidence
for a Dirac spin
liquid in the generalized Shastry-Sutherland model
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Atanu Maity, Francesco Ferrari, Jong Yeon Lee, Janik Potten, Tobias Müller, Ronny Thomale, Rhine Samajdar, Yasir Iqbal
We present a multimethod investigation into the nature of the
recently reported quantum spin liquid (QSL) phase in the spin-
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
36 pages, 18 figures, 12 tables
Quantum Geometry in Quantum Materials
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Jiabin Yu, B. Andrei Bernevig, Raquel Queiroz, Enrico Rossi, Päivi Törmä, Bohm-Jung Yang
Quantum geometry, characterized by the quantum geometric tensor, is pivotal in diverse physical phenomena in quantum materials. In condensed matter systems, quantum geometry refers to the geoemtric properties of Bloch states in the Brillouin zone. This pedagogical review provides an accessible introduction to the concept of quantum geometry, emphasizing its extensive implications across multiple domains. Specifically, we discuss the role of quantum geometry in optical responses, Landau levels, and fractional Chern insulators, as well as its influence on superfluid weight, spin stiffness, exciton condensates, electron-phonon coupling, etc. By integrating these topics, we underscore the pervasive significance of quantum geometry in understanding emergent behaviors in quantum materials. Finally, we present an outlook on open questions and potential future directions, highlighting the need for continued exploration in this rapidly developing field.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
26+6 pages, 6+1 figures
Universal
Wilson loop Bound of Quantum Geometry: Bound and Physical Consequences
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Jiabin Yu, Jonah Herzog-Arbeitman, B. Andrei Bernevig
We define the absolute Wilson loop winding and prove that it bounds
the quantum metric from below. This Wilson loop lower bound naturally
reproduces the known Chern and Euler bounds of the quantum metric, and
provides an explicit lower bound of the quantum metric due to the
time-reversal protected
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
6+16 pages, 2+2 figures
First-principles determination of refractory binary alloy mechanical properties for the microscopic design of complex structural materials
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Surya T. Bijjala, Susan R. Atlas, Pankaj Kumar
The elastic tensor provides valuable insight into the mechanical
behavior of a material with lattice strain, such as disordered binary
alloys. Density functional theory (DFT)-based methods provide a powerful
mechanism for computing and probing the microscopic features of elastic
tensor-related properties. Here we present results for the rigid-ion and
relaxed-ion elastic tensors computed using density functional
perturbation theory (DFPT), for a comprehensive set of structural
refractory body-centered cubic (BCC) binary alloys of molybdenum (Mo),
niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), and tungsten (W). Intermediate quantities
(force-response internal-strain tensor,
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
26 pages 16 figures
Roles
of Structural Coordination and Strain Orientation in the Phase Stability
of Ferroelectric HfO
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Adedamola D. Aladese, Xiao Shen
Phase stabilization continues to be a critical issue in hafnium oxide
(HfO
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
Effective
Lagrangian for the macroscopic motion of Weyl fermions in He-A
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
We consider macroscopic motion of
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
Latex, 48 pages, 5 figures
Theoretical
Investigation of Yield-Enhancing Equilibrium Sn Preparation Pathways in N-Doped
Diamond
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Aditya Bahulikar, Steven L. Richardson, Rodrick Kuate Defo
The elucidation of the mechanism of Sn
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
Angstrom-scale ionic streaming when electrical double-layer concept fails
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Jiajia Lu (1), Shuyong Luan (2), Shenghui Guo (1), Libing Duan (1), Guanghua Du (3), Yanbo Xie (2) ((1) School of Physical Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi an, China (2) National Key Laboratory of Aircraft Configuration Design, School of Aeronautics and Institute of Extreme Mechanics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi an, China (3) Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China)
A knowledge gap exists for flows and transport phenomena at the Angstrom scale when the Poisson Nernst Planck equation based on the concept of electrical double layer (EDL) fails. We discovered that streaming conductance becomes pressure dependent in Angstrom channels using latent track membranes. The streaming current emerges only when the applied pressure exceeds a threshold value, which is inconsistent with the existing knowledge as a constant. With increasing channel size, we found that the pressure dependent streaming conductance phenomenon weakens and vanishes into a constant streaming conductance regime when the mean channel radius exceeds 2 nm. The effective surface potential derived from the stream conductance that divides conduction anomalously increases as the channel narrows. We suspect the pressure dependent streaming current is due to the reinforced Coulomb interaction between counterions and deprotonated carboxyl groups at the surface, which is close to the ion channel but different from the electrified 2D materials. The streaming current emerged due to hydrodynamic friction when the counterions were released from the surface. We approximated the stochastic process of counterion dissociation by 1D Kramer escape theory framework and defined the Damkohler Number to describe the transition from nonlinear streaming conductance regime to linear regime as functions of applied pressure and channel radius and well explained the enhanced effective surface potential in confinement.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Spectra of Magnetoroton and Chiral Graviton Modes of Fractional Chern Insulator
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Min Long, Hongyu Lu, Han-Qing Wu, Zi Yang Meng
Employing the state-of-the-art time-dependent variational principle
algorithm, we compute the spectra of charge neutral excitations in the
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
5+5pages, 4+8 figures
Pairing correlation of the Kagome-lattice Hubbard model with the nearest-neighbor interaction
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Chen Yang, Chao Chen, Runyu Ma, Ying Liang, Tianxing Ma
A recently discovered family of Kagome lattice materials,
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
Chinese Phys. B 33, 107404(2024)
Two-dimensional moir'{e} phonon polaritons
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Hao Shi, Chu Li, Ding Pan, Xi Dai
Phonon polaritons are hybrid modes combining lattice dynamics and electromagnetic waves. Their behavior at long wavelengths is effectively described by Huang's equations. Here, we investigate phonon polaritons within 2D materials featuring twisted moiré structures. The interaction between electromagnetic waves and phonons of varying wavelengths gives rise to rich polaritons with moiré characteristics. We observe the polariton dividing into multiple branches, akin to coupled oscillators. Through numerical simulations based on realistic lattice models, we confirm the existence of these intriguing modes. A distinctive trait of moiré polar crystals is their spatially varying near-field response, offering robust signals for the experimental confirmation.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Optics (physics.optics)
27 pages, 7 figures
Magneto-optical response of Dynes superconductors
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Michal Šindler, František Herman, Filip Kadlec, Christelle Kadlec
We investigate the terahertz conductivity of conventional superconductors in Voigt and Faraday magneto-optical configurations. In the Voigt geometry, an ultrathin superconducting film is fully penetrated by the magnetic field which interacts with the spin, thus modifying the magnitudes of the optical gap and of the density of the condensate. We provide an alternative interpretation of the recent experiments showing the gapless conductivity of a Nb film measured by Lee et al. [1] which describes better their data for magnetic field above 1 T. In the Faraday geometry, we analyze the terahertz conductivity of three NbN films with varying thicknesses using the Maxwell-Garnett model, treating vortices as normal-state inclusions within a superconducting matrix. Moreover, we effectively account for ubiquitous pair-conserving and magnetic-field-dependent pair-breaking disorder scattering processes using the model of Herman and Hlubina [2].
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
7 pages, 5 figures
Spin waves in magnetic nanodisks, nanorings, and 3D nanovolcanoes
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Oleksandr Dobrovolskiy, Gleb Kakazei
Patterned magnetic nanostructures are advanced materials characterized by their unique magnetic properties at the nanoscale, which are the result of tailored geometric configurations and compositional engineering. As interest in nanotechnology continues to grow exponentially, the exploration of patterned magnetic nanostructures turns into a vibrant and critical area of study for both industry professionals and academic researchers. Here, we review investigations of standing spin waves (collective spin precessions) in magnetic elements by the technique of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). The presentation encompasses earlier studies of arrays of magnetic nanodisks and nanoringes by cavity-based FMR as well as more recent studies of individual nanodisks and 3D nanovolcanoes by a broadband FMR method which implies the use of a coplanar waveguide. Overall, the manuscript outlines the development of FMR studies along the two major lines: (i) downscaling from multiple to individual magnetic nanoelements and (ii) extending planar nanomagnets into the third dimension.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
20 pages, 7 figures, 150 references
The simplest spin glass revisited: finite-size effects of the energy landscape can modify aging dynamics in the thermodynamic limit
New Submission | Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
The random energy model is one of the few glass models whose
asymptotic activated aging dynamics are solvable. However, the existing
aging theory, i.e., Bouchaud's trap model, does not agree with dynamical
simulation results obtained in finite-sized systems. Here we show that
this discrepancy originates from non-negligible finite-size corrections
in the energy barrier distributions. The finite-size effects add a
logarithmic decay term in the time-correlation aging function, which
destroys the asymptotic large-time plateau predicted by Bouchaud's trap
model in the spin glass phase. Surprisingly, the finite-size effects
also give corrections, preserved even in the thermodynamic limit, to the
value of the asymptotic plateau. It results in an unexpected dynamical
transition where weak ergodicity breaking occurs, at a temperature
Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
19 pages, 20 figures
Density of electronic states in density-wave compounds with imperfect nesting
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
A. V. Tsvetkova, Ya. I. Rodionov, P. D. Grigoriev
We study the effects of imperfect nesting in a simple 2D tight-binding model on the electronic properties in the density-wave (DW) state. The discussed model reflects the main features of quasi-1D metals, where the DW emerges. We show that an imperfect nesting leads to unusual singularities in the quasi-particle density of states, leading to a strong renormalization of the superconducting critical temperature. We also compute the conductivity tensor of the normal state and obtain a satisfactory agreement with the experimental data on rare-earth tritellurides and many other DW materials.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
Observation of nonreciprocal transverse localization of light
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Shun Liang, Changchang Li, Wenqing Yu, Zhenzhi Liu, Changbiao Li, Yanpeng Zhang, Guillaume Malpuech, Dmitry Solnyshkov, Hui Jing, Zhaoyang Zhang
Magnetic-free nonreciprocal optical devices that can prevent backscattering of signals are essential for integrated optical information processing. The achieved nonreciprocal behaviors mostly rely on various dispersive effects in optical media, which give rise to dispersive modulations of the transverse beam profile, such as spatial broadening and discretization, of the incident signals. Such deformation inevitably reduces the matching with subsequent components for information processing. Here we experimentally demonstrate the nonreciprocal transverse localization of light in a moiré photonic lattice induced in atomic vapors. When the probe field is set to co- or counter-propagate with the coupling field formed by superposing two identical honeycomb beams in a certain rotation angle, the output pattern can exhibit localized or dispersive behavior. The localization in the forward case is derived from the moiré structure, and the nonreciprocal behaviors (in both beam size and transmitted intensity) are introduced by the thermal motion of atoms. The thermal-motion-induced Doppler effect can destroy the coherent condition for electromagnetically induced transparency in the backward case, because of which the probe beam becomes immune to the modulation of the coupling field. The current work provides an approach to control the transverse beam profile in one-way transmission.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Optics (physics.optics)
Topic Review: Hatsugai-Kohmoto models: Exactly solvable playground for Mottness and Non-Fermi Liquid
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Miaomiao Zhao, Wei-Wei Yang, Yin Zhong
This pedagogic review aims to give a gentle introduction to an exactly solvable model, the Hatsugai-Kohmoto (HK) model, which has infinite-ranged interaction but conserves the center of mass. Although this model is invented in 1992, intensive studies on its properties ranging from unconventional superconductivity, topological ordered states to non-Fermi liquid behaviors are made since 2020. We focus on its emergent non-Fermi liquid behavior and provide discussion on its thermodynamics, single-particle and two-particle correlation functions. Perturbation around solvable limit has also been explored with the help of perturbation theory, renormalization group and exact diagonalization calculation. We hope the present review will be helpful for graduate students or researchers interested in HK-like models or more generic strongly correlated electron systems.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
Alternative harmonic detection approach for quantitative determination of spin and orbital torques
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Y. Xu, B. Bony, S. Krishnia, R. Torrão Victor, S. Collin, A. Fert, J.-M. George, V. Cros, H. Jaffrès
In this study, the spin-orbit torque (SOT) in light metal oxide systems is investigated using an experimental approach based on harmonic Hall voltage techniques in out-of-plane (OOP) angular geometry for samples with in-plane magnetic anisotropy. In parallel, an analytical derivation of this alternative OOP harmonic Hall detection geometry has been developed, followed by experimental validation to extract SOT effective fields. In addition, to accurately quantifying SOT, this method allows complete characterization of thermoelectric effects, opening promising avenues for accurate SOT characterization in related systems. In particular, this study corroborates the critical role of naturally oxidized copper interfaced with metallic Cu in the generation of orbital current in Co(2)|Pt(4)|CuOx(3), demonstrating a two-fold increase in damping-like torques compared to a reference sample with an oxidized Al capping layer. These findings offer promising directions for future research on the application aspect of non-equilibrium orbital angular momentum.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
15 pages, 4 figures, 44 references
Nematic liquid crystal flow driven by time-varying active surface anchoring
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Seyed Reza Seyednejad, Miha Ravnik
We demonstrate the generation of diverse material flow regimes in nematic liquid cells as driven by time-variable active surface anchoring, including no-net flow, oscillatory flow, steady flow, and pulsating flow. Specifically, we numerically simulate a passive nematic fluid inside a cell bounded with two flat solid boundaries at which the time-dependent anchoring is applied with the dynamically variable surface anchoring easy axis. We show that different flow regimes emerge as the result of different anchoring driving directions (i.e. co-rotating or counter-rotating) and relative phase of anchoring driving. The flow magnitude is tunable by cell thickness and anchoring driving frequency. More generally, this work aims towards possible applications of responsive time-variable surfaces, including photonics or synthetic active matter.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Majorana Flat Bands in the Vortex Line of Superconducting Weyl Semimetals
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
We find that there exist Majorana flat bands (MFBs) in the vortex line of superconducting (SC) Weyl semimetals which break time reversal symmetry. Since a Weyl semimetal can be regarded as Chern insulators stacked along one (z) direction, so we decompose the vortex bound states of SC Weyl semimetals into the vortex bound states of SC Chern insulators labelled by kz. After calculating the topological phase diagram of the SC Chern insulators both analytically and numerically, we can explain the appearance of MFBs and determine the exact boundaries of them in SC Weyl semimetals. What's more, tuning the chemical potential or the pairing strength can result in the MFBs along the whole kz axis. Based on the above understanding, we propose a kz-dependent Z2 Chern-Simons invariant to characterize the MFBs. Finally, if we further consider an attractive Hubbard interaction, the aforementioned SC Weyl semimetal and MFBs can be realized under appropriate parameters.
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
12 pages, 4+2 figures
Clifford circuits Augmented Matrix Product States for fermion systems
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Jiale Huang, Xiangjian Qian, Mingpu Qin
Clifford circuits Augmented Matrix Product States (CAMPS) was
recently proposed to leverage the advantages of both Clifford circuits
and Matrix Product States (MPS). Clifford circuits can support large
entanglement and can be efficiently simulated classically according to
the Gottesman-Knill theorem. So in CAMPS, MPS needs only to handle the
so-called Non-stabilizerness Entanglement Entropy which significantly
improves the simulation accuracy for a given bond dimension. In this
work, we generalize CAMPS to study the Fermion system by taking
advantage of the Jordan-Wigner transformation which can map the studied
Fermion system to a spin system. We benchmark the method on both the
spinless
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Cavity-mediated hybridization of several molecules in the strong coupling regime
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Jahangir Nobakht, André Pscherer, Jan Renger, Stephan Götzinger, Vahid Sandoghdar
Molecular complexes are held together via a variety of bonds, but they all share the common feature that their individual entities are in contact. In this work, we introduce and demonstrate the concept of a , resulting from the far-field electromagnetic coupling of several molecules via a shared mode of an optical microcavity. We discuss a collective enhancement of the vacuum Rabi splitting and study super- and sub-radiant states that arise from the cavity-mediated coupling both in the resonant and dispersive regimes. Moreover, we demonstrate a two-photon transition that emerges between the ground and excited states of the new optical compound. Our experimental data are in excellent agreement with the predictions of the Tavis-Cummings Hamiltonian and open the door to the realization of hybrid light-matter materials.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
Defect-mediated electron-phonon coupling in halide double perovskite
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Aprajita Joshi, Sajid Saikia, Shalini Badola, Angshuman Nag, Surajit Saha
Optically active defects often play a crucial role in governing the light emission as well as the electronic properties of materials. Moreover, defect-mediated states in the mid-gap region can trap electrons, thus opening a path for the recombination of electrons and holes in lower energy states that may require phonons in the process. Considering this, we have probed electron-phonon interaction in halide perovskite systems with the introduction of defects and investigated the thermal effect on this interaction. Here, we report Raman spectroscopy study of the thermal evolution of electron-phonon coupling, which is tunable with the crystal growth conditions, in the halide perovskite systems Cs2AgInCl6 and Cs2NaInCl6. The signature of electron-phonon coupling is observed as a Fano anomaly in the lowest frequency phonon mode (51 cm-1) which evolves with temperature. In addition, we observe a broad band in the photoluminescence (PL) measurements for the defect-mediated systems, which is otherwise absent in defect-free halide perovskite. The simultaneous observation of the Fano anomaly in the Raman spectrum and the emergence of the PL band suggests the defect-mediated mid-gap states and the consequent existence of electron-phonon coupling in the double perovskite.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
16 pages, 9 figures, Accepted in Applied Physics Letters
The Physics of Quantum 2.0: Challenges in understanding Quantum Matter
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Siddhartha Lal, Mayank Shreshtha
Almost a century on from the culmination of the first revolution in quantum physics, we are poised for another. Even as we engage in the creation of impactful quantum technologies, it is imperative for us to face the challenges in understanding the phenomenology of various emergent forms of quantum matter. This will involve building on decades of progress in quantum condensed matter physics, and going beyond the well-established Ginzburg-Landau-Wilson paradigm for quantum matter. We outline and discuss several outstanding challenges, including the need to explore and identify the organisational principles that can guide the development of theories, key experimental phenomenologies that continue to confound, and the formulation of methods that enable progress. These efforts will enable the prediction of new quantum materials whose properties facilitate the creation of next generation technologies.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
9 pages, 3 figures, 27 references
Nano Futures 8 (2024) 042502
Deterministic role of chemical bonding in the formation of altermagnetism: Reflection from correlated electron system NiS
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Arijit Mandal, Arindom Das, B.R.K. Nanda
Altermagnetism, a new collinear magnetic state that has traits of both ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism, has gained significant attention in the last few years and the underlying mechanisms driving this quantum phase are still evolving. Going beyond the phenomenological models and group theoretical analyses, which focus on providing a binary explanation of the presence or absence of the altermagnetic state, in this work, we explored the role of crystal chemical bonding. As the latter successfully integrates the crystal and orbital symmetries and is tunable, it provides a quantitative and more realistic mechanism to explain the formation of altermagnetism. From the first principle calculations and tight-binding models within the framework of the linear combination of atomic orbitals on NiS, belonging to the hexagonal NiAs family (e.g. CrSb, MnTe, etc.), we reveal that the second neighbor interaction between the orbitals of the non-magnetic atoms is the most deterministic in inducing altermagnetism. These second-neighbor bondings modulate the intra-sublattice interactions differently for the opposite spin sublattices. As a consequence, the antiferromagnetic sublattice band degeneracy is lifted and it results in momentum dependent altermagnetic spin split (ASS). We further reveal that the strong altermagnetism is observed in these materials due to the participation of multiple and selective orbitals, both from Ni and S, in the chemical bonding. We proposed twelve antinodal regions in the NiAs type hexagonal crystals, where ASS split is maximum. Specific to NiS, ASS increases with correlation, and for the edge valence and conduction bands it can go beyond 1eV, which makes this compound ideal for carrying out altermagnetic experiments and for exploring non-trivial quantum transport through electron and hole doping. The present study opens up new pathways to tailor tunable altermagnetism.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
12 pages, 10 figures, and 6 tables
Non-perturbative self-consistent electron-phonon spectral functions and transport
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Electron-phonon coupling often dominates the electron spectral functions and carrier transport properties. However, studies of this effect in real materials have largely relied on perturbative one-shot methods due to the lack of a first-principles theoretical and computational framework. Here, we present a self-consistent theory and implementation for the non-perturbative calculations of spectral functions and conductivity due to electron-phonon coupling. Applying this method to monolayer InSe, we demonstrate that self-consistency qualitatively affects the spectral function and transport properties compared to state-of-the-art one-shot calculations and allow one to reconcile experimental angle-resolved photoemission experiments. The developed method can be widely applied to materials with dominant electron-phonon coupling at moderate computational cost.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
On the Wiedemann-Franz law violation in Graphene and quark-gluon plasma systems
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Ashutosh Dwibedi, Subhalaxmi Nayak, Sathe Subodh Kiran, Sabyasachi Ghosh, Sesha Vempati
A comparative study of the thermodynamic and transport properties of the ultra-relativistic quark-gluon plasma (QGP) produced in Heavy ion collisions (HIC) with the "quasi-relativistic" massless electron-hole plasma in graphene sample has been performed. We observe that the enthalpy per net carrier density emerges as a useful physical quantity determining the hydrodynamic domain's transport variables. Lorenz ratio is defined as thermal to electrical conductivity ratio, normalized by temperature. In searching whether the Wiedemann-Franz (WF) law is obeyed or violated by checking the Lorenz ratio as one or deviated from one, we find that the Lorenz ratio determined from the fluid-based framework will always be responsible for the violation of the WF law. The reason is the proportional relation between Lorenz ratio and enthalpy per particle in the fluid. Based on the experimental observation, graphene, and QGP, both systems at low net charge density, exhibit WF law violation due to their fluid nature. However, graphene at high net charge density obeys the WF law, followed by metals with high Fermi energy or density. It indicates a fluid to the non-fluid transition of the graphene system from low to high-density domain. In this regard, the fluid or non-fluid aspect of QGP at high density is yet to be explored by future facilities like Compressed Baryonic matter (CBM) and Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) experiments.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
Angle-resolved photoemission of topological materials
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Jaime Sánchez-Barriga, Oliver J. Clark, Oliver Rader
Topological materials have gained significant attention in condensed matter physics due to their unique electronic and transport properties. Three-dimensional (3D) topological materials are characterized by robust electronic states that are protected by symmetries and exhibit peculiar spin textures. They offer a rich platform for for future information technology including spintronics and topological quantum computing. Here, we review the investigation by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) of topological phases such as strong topological insulators, topological crystalline insulators, magnetic topological insulators, and 3D Dirac, Weyl, nodal, and chiral semimetals and address the status of correlated topological insulators and topological superconductors. A special emphasis is laid on examples from the transition metal dichalcogenide family. Moreover, insights from ultrafast pump-probe experiments are reviewed and a brief outlook is provided.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
In T. Chakraborty (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Condensed Matter Physics, 2nd ed., Vol. 4, pp. 334-369. Elsevier, Amsterdam (2024)
Thick liquid crystalline cholesteric shells
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Arda Bulut, Yusuf Sariyar, Giuseppe Negro, Livio Nicola Carenza
We numerically investigate the phase behavior of thick shells of cholesteric liquid crystals with tangential anchoring at the shell boundary. For achiral liquid crystal, we demonstrate a thickness-dependent transition from a configuration featuring four disclination line connecting the inner and outer surfaces to a state free of defect in the bulk, where each surface is topologically isolated and features two boojums. Incorporating chirality stabilizes novel defect arrangements, including a mixed state combining boojums and disclination lines and blue phases at high chirality and we demonstrate that shell thickness strongly modulates these transitions. Finally, we exploit the metastability features of the observed phases to obtain an elastically induced rearrangement of the shell surfaces during a cholesteric hysteresis cycle, stabilizing an alternative configuration that minimizes the free energy at low chirality. Our work paves the way for exploring dynamic behaviors under external fields, mixed anchoring conditions, or active flows.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Thermal Induced Structural Competitiveness and Metastability of Body-centered Cubic Iron under Non-Equilibrium Conditions
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Shuai Zhang, Aliza Panjwani, Penghao Xiao, Maitrayee Ghosh, Tadashi Ogitsu, Yuan Ping, S. X. Hu
The structure and stability of iron near melting at multi-megabar pressures are of significant interest in high pressure physics and earth and planetary sciences. While the body-centered cubic (BCC) phase is generally recognized as unstable at lower temperatures, its stability relative to the hexagonal close-packed (HCP) phase at high temperatures (approximately 0.5 eV) in the Earth's inner core (IC) remains a topic of ongoing theoretical and experimental debate. Our ab initio calculations show a significant drop in energy, the emergence of a plateau and a local minimum in the potential energy surface, and stabilization of all phonon modes at elevated electron temperatures (>1-1.5 eV). These effects increase the competition among the BCC, HCP, and the face-centered cubic (FCC) phases and lead to the metastability of the BCC structure. Furthermore, the thermodynamic stability of BCC iron is enhanced by its substantial lattice vibration entropy. This thermally induced structural competitiveness and metastability under non-equilibrium conditions provide a clear theoretical framework for understanding iron phase relations and solidification processes, both experimentally and in the IC.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
5 pages, 4 figures
Non-reciprocal neutral ferroelectric domain walls in BiFeO3
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
M. A. P. Goncalves, M. Graf, M. Pasciak, J. Hlinka
This paper analyzes a peculiar phenomenon of non-reciprocal domain wall pairs and illustrate the implications in ab-initio-based atomistic computational experiments with (112)-oriented planar R180 domain walls within the canonical multiferroic ferroelectric crystal of BiFeO3. Results show that parallel walls on the opposite sides of a given domain within a simply twinned lamellar domain structure can have considerably different polarization and oxygen octahedra tilt profiles, different thickness and energy densities. The spontaneous formation of zigzag walls and triangular domains suggests that these domain walls are actually the lowest energy planar R180 walls in pure insulating BiFeO3 crystals and films.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
5 pages, 4 figures
Phase behavior of Cacio and Pepe sauce
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Giacomo Bartolucci, Daniel Maria Busiello, Matteo Ciarchi, Alberto Corticelli, Ivan Di Terlizzi, Fabrizio Olmeda, Davide Revignas, Vincenzo Maria Schimmenti
"Pasta alla Cacio e pepe" is a traditional Italian dish made with pasta, pecorino cheese, and pepper. Despite its simple ingredient list, achieving the perfect texture and creaminess of the sauce can be challenging. In this study, we systematically explore the phase behavior of Cacio and pepe sauce, focusing on its stability at increasing temperatures for various proportions of cheese, water, and starch. We identify starch concentration as the key factor influencing sauce stability, with direct implications for practical cooking. Specifically, we delineate a regime where starch concentrations below 1% (relative to cheese mass) lead to the formation of system-wide clumps, a condition determining what we term the "Mozzarella Phase" and corresponding to an unpleasant and separated sauce. Additionally, we examine the impact of cheese concentration relative to water at a fixed starch level, observing a lower critical solution temperature that we theoretically rationalized by means of a minimal effective free-energy model. Finally, we present a scientifically optimized recipe based on our findings, enabling a consistently flawless execution of this classic dish.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Measurement-Induced Phase Transition in State Estimation of Chaotic Systems and the Directed Polymer
New Submission | Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Federico Gerbino, Guido Giachetti, Pierre Le Doussal, Andrea De Luca
We introduce a solvable model of a measurement-induced phase transition (MIPT) in a deterministic but chaotic dynamical system with a positive Lyapunov exponent. In this setup, an observer only has a probabilistic description of the system but mitigates chaos-induced uncertainty through repeated measurements. Using a minimal representation via a branching tree, we map this problem to the directed polymer (DP) model on the Cayley tree, although in a regime dominated by rare events. By studying the Shannon entropy of the probability distribution estimated by the observer, we demonstrate a phase transition distinguishing a chaotic phase with reduced Lyapunov exponent from a strong-measurement phase where uncertainty remains bounded. Remarkably, the location of the MIPT transition coincides with the freezing transition of the DP, although the critical properties differ. We provide an exact universal scaling function describing entropy growth in the critical regime. Numerical simulations confirm our theoretical predictions, highlighting a simple yet powerful framework to explore measurement-induced transitions in classical chaotic systems.
Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
14 pages, 5 figures
Quantum many-body dynamics for fermionic t-J model simulated with atom arrays
New Submission | Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Ye-bing Zhang, Xin-Chi Zhou, Bao-Zong Wang, Xiong-Jun Liu
The fermionic t-J model has been widely recognized as a canonical model in understanding various strongly correlated phases like cuprate high-Tc superconductivity. Simulating this model with controllable quantum platforms offers new possibilities to probe high-Tc physics, yet suffering challenges. Here we propose a novel scheme to realize the t-J model in a programmable Rydberg-dressed tweezer array. By properly engineering the Rydberg-dressed dipole-dipole interaction and inter-tweezer couplings, a highly tunable fermionic t-J model with next-nearest-neighbour hopping terms is achieved. We particularly explore quantum many-body dynamics in the large J/t limit, a regime far beyond the conventional optical lattices and cuprates. Notably, we predict a nontrivial self-pinning effect enforced by local quantum entanglement that characterizes a novel type of Hilbert space fragmentation. This effect leads to the breakdown of Krylov restricted thermalization. Our prediction opens a new horizon in exploring exotic quantum many-body dynamics with t-J model in tweezer arrays, and shall also make a step towards simulating the high-Tc physics in cold atom systems.
Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
8 pages, 4 figures
Observation
of superconductivity in a nontrivial approximant
quasicrystal
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Pavan Kumar Meena, Rahul Verma, Arushi, Sonika Jangid, Roshan Kumar Kushwaha, Rhea Stewart, Adrian D. Hillier, Bahadur Singh, Ravi Prakash Singh
Superconductivity and nontrivial topology are highly sought-after
phenomena in quantum materials. While many topological crystalline
materials have been found to exhibit superconductivity, their presence
in quasicrystals - materials with a unique aperiodic yet ordered
structure - has remained largely unexplored. In this work, we report the
discovery of superconductivity in a monoclinic approximant to the
decagonal quasicrystal Al
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
17 pages, 3 figures
Characterization
of Chromium Impurities in -Ga O
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Mark E. Turiansky, Sai Mu, Lukas Razinkovas, Kamyar Parto, Sahil D. Patel, Sean Doan, Ganesh Pokharel, Steven J. Gomez Alvarado, Stephen D. Wilson, Galan Moody, Chris G. Van de Walle
Chromium is a common transition-metal impurity that is easily
incorporated during crystal growth. It is perhaps best known for giving
rise to the 694.3 nm (1.786 eV) emission in Cr-doped Al
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
Large Language Model-Driven Database for Thermoelectric Materials
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Suman Itani, Yibo Zhang, Jiadong Zang
Thermoelectric materials provide a sustainable way to convert waste heat into electricity. However, data-driven discovery and optimization of these materials are challenging because of a lack of a reliable database. Here we developed a comprehensive database of 7,123 thermoelectric compounds, containing key information such as chemical composition, structural detail, seebeck coefficient, electrical and thermal conductivity, power factor, and figure of merit (ZT). We used the GPTArticleExtractor workflow, powered by large language models (LLM), to extract and curate data automatically from the scientific literature published in Elsevier journals. This process enabled the creation of a structured database that addresses the challenges of manual data collection. The open access database could stimulate data-driven research and advance thermoelectric material analysis and discovery.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
Intrinsic (Axion) Statistical Topological Insulator
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Xi Chen, Fa-Jie Wang, Zhen Bi, Zhi-Da Song
Ensembles that respect symmetries on average exhibit richer
topological states than those in pure states with exact symmetries,
leading to the concept of average symmetry-protected topological states
(ASPTs). The free-fermion counterpart of ASPT is the so-called
statistical topological insulator (STI) in disordered ensembles. In this
work, we demonstrate the existence of intrinsic STI - which has no band
insulator correspondence - characterized by the half-quantized
magneto-electric polarization
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
Efficient training of machine learning potentials for metallic glasses: CuZrAl validation
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Antoni Wadowski, Anshul D.S. Parmar, Jesper Jesper Byggmästar, Jan S. Wróbel, Mikko J. Alava, Silvia Bonfanti
Interatomic potentials play a vital role in revealing microscopic details and structure-property relations, which are fundamental for multiscale simulations and to assist high-throughput experiments. For metallic glasses, developing these potentials is challenging due to the complexity of their unique disordered structure. As a result, chemistry-specific interaction potentials for this important class of materials are often missing. Here, we solve this gap by implementing an efficient methodology for designing machine learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) for metallic glasses, and we benchmark it with the widely studied CuZrAl system. By combining a Lennard-Jones surrogate model with swap-Monte Carlo sampling and Density Functional Theory (DFT) corrections, we capture diverse amorphous structures from 14 decades of supercooling. These distinct structures provide robust and efficient training of the model and applicability to the wider spectrum of energies. This approach reduces the need for extensive DFT and ab initio optimization datasets, while maintaining high accuracy. Our MLIP shows results comparable to the classical Embedded Atom Method (EAM) available for CuZrAl, in predicting structural, energetic, and mechanical properties. This work paves the way for the development of new MLIPs for complex metallic glasses, including emerging multicomponent and high entropy metallic glasses.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
9 pages, 5 figures
Coexistence
of Commensurate and Incommensurate Antiferromagnetic Groundstates in
Co NbSe Single Crystal
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
H. Cein Mandujano, Peter Y. Zavalij, Alicia Manjón-Sanz, Huibo Cao, Efrain E. Rodriguez
In Co
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
Constriction and contact impedance of ceramic solid electrolytes
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Md Salman Rabbi Limon, Curtis Duffee, Zeeshan Ahmad
The development of solid-state batteries is hindered by the
degradation of the solid-solid interface during cycling which can cause
void formation and contact loss. Here, we systematically investigate the
effect of unrecoverable and real interfacial contact area at the
electrode/Li
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
19 pages, 6 figures + 16 pages of Supporting Information
A Novel Velocity Discretization for Lattice Boltzmann Method: Application to Compressible Flow
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Navid Afrasiabian, Colin Denniston
The Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) has emerged as a powerful tool in computational fluid dynamics and material science. However, standard LBM formulation imposes some limitations on the applications of the method, particularly compressible fluids. In this paper, we introduce a new velocity discretization method to overcome some of these challenges. In this new formulation, the particle populations are discretized using a bump function that has a mean and a variance. This introduces enough independent degrees of freedom to set the equilibrium moments to the moments of Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution up to and including the third moments. Consequently, the correct macroscopic fluid dynamics equations for compressible fluids are recovered. We validate our method using several benchmark simulations.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
33 pages, 10 figures
Inhomogeneous evolution of a dense ensemble of optically pumped excitons to the excitonic insulator state
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Natasha Kirova, Serguei Brazovskii
Phase transformations induced by short optical pulses is a mainstream in studies of of dynamics of cooperative electronic states. We present a semi-phenomenological modeling of spacio-temporal effects expected when optical excitons are intricate with the order parameter as it happens e.g. in organic compounds with neutral-ionic ferroelectric phase transitions. A conceptual complication appears here, where both the excitation and the ground syate ordering are built from the intermolecular electronic transfer. To describe both thermodynamic and dynamic effects on the same root, we adopt for the phase transition a view of the Excitonic Insulator - a hypothetical phase of a semiconductor which appears if the exciton energy becomes negative. After the initial pumping pulse, a quasi-condensate of excitons can appear as a macroscopic quantum state which then evolves interacting with other degrees of freedom prone to an instability. The self-trapping of excitons enhances their density which can locally surpass a critical value to trigger the phase transformation. The system is stratified in domains which evolve through dynamical phase transitions and may persist even after the initiating excitons have recombined.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS), Optics (physics.optics)
Gating and tunable confinement of active colloids within patterned environments
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Carolina van Baalen, Stefania Ketzetzi, Anushka Tintor, Lucio Isa
Active colloidal particles typically exhibit a pronounced affinity for accumulating and being captured at boundaries. Here, we engineer long-range repulsive interactions between colloids that self-propel under an electric field and patterned obstacles. As a result of these interactions, particles turn away from obstacles and avoid accumulation. We show that by tuning the applied field frequency, we precisely and rapidly control the effective size of the obstacles and therefore modulate the particle approach distance. This feature allows us to achieve gating and tunable confinement of our active particles whereby they can access regions between obstacles depending on the applied field. Our work provides a versatile means to directly control confinement and organization, paving the way towards applications such as sorting particles based on motility or localizing active particles on demand.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Measuring the effective stress parameter using the multiphase lattice Boltzmann method and investigating the source of its hysteresis
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Reihaneh Hosseini, Krishna Kumar
The effective stress parameter,
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Self-reconfiguring colloidal active matter
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Stefania Ketzetzi, Lorenzo Caprini, Vivien Willems, Laura Alvarez, Hartmut Löwen, Lucio Isa
Cells and microorganisms employ dynamic shape changes to enable steering and avoidance for efficient spatial exploration and collective organization. In contrast, active colloids, their synthetic counterparts, currently lack similar abilities and strategies. Through physical interactions alone, here we create active colloidal molecules that spontaneously reconfigure their structure, unlike traditional active particles. We find that self-reconfiguration decouples reorientational dynamics from rotational diffusivity and bestows our active molecules additional reorientation capabilities. During encounters with neighbors, rapid conformational changes lead to self-steering and avoidance. At higher area fractions, reconfiguration-induced avoidance fully inhibits characteristic dynamic clustering, motility-induced phase separation and flocking; instead, the system retains a homogeneous structure comprising well-separated active units. Self-reconfiguring systems therefore present an exciting path towards autonomous motion beyond that of classical synthetic active matter.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Exploiting Parallelism for Fast Feynman Diagrammatics
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Diagrammatic expansions are a paradigmatic and powerful tool of quantum many-body theory. Their evaluation to high order, e.g., by the Diagrammatic Monte Carlo technique, can provide unbiased results in strongly correlated and challenging regimes. However, calculating a factorial number of terms to acceptable precision remains very costly even for state-of-the-art methods. We achieve a dramatic acceleration of evaluating Feynman's diagrammatic series by use of specialised hardware architecture within the recently introduced combinatorial summation (CoS) framework. We present how exploiting the massive parallelism and concurrency available from GPUs leads to orders of magnitude improvement in computation time even on consumer-grade hardware. This provides a platform for making probes of novel phenomena of strong correlations much more accessible.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th), Mathematical Physics (math-ph), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
11 pages, 7 figures
Theory of Transient Heat Conduction
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
David E. Crawford, Yi Zeng, Judith Vidal, Jianjun Dong
Ultrafast and nanoscale heat conduction demands a unified theoretical framework that rigorously bridges macroscopic transport equations with microscopic material properties derived from statistical this http URL empirical generalizations of Fourier's law often lack a solid microscopic foundation, failing to connect observed non-Fourier behavior with underlying atomic scale mechanisms. In this work, we present a time-domain theory of transient heat conduction rooted in Zwanzig's statistical theory of irreversible processes. Central to this framework is the time-domain transport function, Z(t), defined through equilibrium time-correlation functions of heat fluxes. This function generalizes the conventional concept of steady-state thermal conductivity, governing the transition of conduction dynamics from onset second sound type wave propagation at finite speeds to diffusion-dominated behavior across broad temporal and spatial scales. Unlike phonon hydrodynamic models that rely on mesoscopic constructs such as phonon drift velocity, our approach provides a quantitative and microscopic description of intrinsic memory effects in transient heat fluxes and applies universally to bulk materials at any temperature or length scale. By integrating atomistic-scale first-principles calculations with continuum-level macroscopic equations, this framework offers a robust foundation for numerical simulations of transient temperature fields. Furthermore, it facilitates the interpretation and design of transient thermal grating experiments using nanometer-scale heat sources and ultrafast laser systems in the extreme ultraviolet and x-ray wavelength ranges, advancing our understanding of heat dissipation dynamics.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
38 pages, 4 figures
BiFeO nanoparticles at low-temperature using
atomistic simulations -- surface charge distribution and
terminations
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Mauro A. P. Goncalves, Monica Graf, Marek Pasciak, Jiri Hlinka
This paper analyzes how the ferroelectric properties of cubic-like
BiFeO
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
11 pages, 5 figures
Unconventional Coherence Peak in Cuprate Superconductors
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Zheng Li, Chao Mu, Pengfei Li, Wei Wu, Jiangping Hu, Tao Xiang, Kun Jiang, Jianlin Luo
The Hebel-Slichter coherence peak, observed in the spin-lattice
relaxation rate
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
Phys. Rev. X 14, 041072(2024)
Essentially degenerate hidden nodal lines in two-dimensional magnetic layer groups
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Xiao-Ping Li, Chaoxi Cui, Lei Wang, Weikang Wu, Zeying Zhang, Zhi-Ming Yu, Yugui Yao
According to the theory of group representations, the types of band
degeneracy can be divided into accidental degeneracy and essential
degeneracy. The essentially degenerate nodal lines (NLs) are typically
resided on the high-symmetry lines of the Brillouin zone. Here, we
propose a type of NL in two dimension that is essentially degenerate but
is hidden within the high-symmetry planes, making it less observable,
dubbed a hidden-essential nodal line (HENL). The existence of HENL is
guaranteed as long as the system hosts a horizontal glide-mirror
symmetry, hence such NLs can be widely found in both non-magnetic and
magnetic systems. We perform an exhaustive search over all 528 magnetic
layer groups (MLGs) for HENL that can be enforced by glide-mirror
symmetry with both spinless and spinfull systems. We find that 122
candidate MLGs host spinless HENL, while 63 candidate MLGs demonstrate
spinful HENL. In addition, we reveal that horizontal mirror and
time-reversal symmetry in type-II and type-IV MLGs with spin-orbital
coupling can enforce HENL formed. The 15 corresponding candidate MLGs
have also been presented. Furthemore, we derive a few typical lattice
models to characterize the existence for the HENL. For specific
electronic fillings in real materials, namely 4
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
Spin Hall effect in 3d ferromagnetic metals for field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization: A first-principles investigation
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Fanxing Zheng, Jianting Dong, Yizhuo Song, Meng Zhu, Xinlu Li, Jia Zhang
Ferromagnetic metals, with the potential to generate spin current with unconventional spin polarization via the spin Hall effect, offer promising opportunities for field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization and for the spin-orbit torque devices. In this study, we investigate two distinct spin Hall mechanisms in 3d ferromagnetic metals including spin-orbit coupling driven spin Hall effect in Fe, Co, Ni and their alloys, and non-relativistic spin Hall effect arising from anisotropic spin-polarized transport by taking L10-MnAl as an example. By employing first-principles calculations, we examine the temperature and alloy composition dependence of spin Hall conductivity in Fe, Co, Ni and their alloys. Our results reveal that the spin Hall conductivities with out-of-plane spin polarization in 3d ferromagnetic metals are at the order of 1000 ( , )^{-1} at 300 K, but with a relatively low spin Hall angles around 0.01~0.02 due to the large longitudinal conductivity. For L10-MnAl(101), the non-relativistic spin Hall conductivity can reach up to 10000 ( , )^{-1}, with a giant spin Hall angle around 0.25 at room temperature. By analyzing the magnetization switching process, we demonstrate deterministic switching of perpendicular magnetization without an external magnetic field by using 3d ferromagnetic metals as spin current sources. Our work may provide an unambiguous understanding on spin Hall effect in ferromagnetic metals and pave the way for their potential applications in related spintronic devices.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
Braiding rule of boundary Majorana-like zero mode
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Qiyun Ma, Hailong He, Meng Xiao, Zhengyou Liu
The study of topological states has become an important topic in both solid-state systems and artificial structures such as photonic crystals and phononic crystals. Among them, Majorana zero modes, which exhibit nontrivial braiding process, have attracted extensive research interest. The analog of Majorana zero modes in classical waves, or the Majorana-like zero modes (MLZMs), have also got a lot of attention recently. However, the vast majority of previous works concerned with MLZMs that were bounded to vortexes inside the bulk. Here in this work, we unveil the braiding rule of MLZMs that are tunable around the boundary of a vortex-texture Kekule modulated graphene. We show that the existence of these zero-dimensional boundary MLZMs is protected by the Zak phase of 1D boundary states. As such, we are able to construct multiple MLZMs and analyze the corresponding braiding process. In addition, we also provide an implementation scheme of the boundary MLZMs in acoustic crystals. The tunability of the boundary MLZMs proposed herein offer new freedom for topological states braiding in both solid-state systems and artificial structures.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
Genuine and Robust Magnetoelectric Coupling Effect in van der Waals Multiferroic Tunnel Junctions
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Zhi Yan, Xujin Zhang, Jianhua Xiao, Cheng Fang, Xiaohong Xu
Van der Waals multiferroic tunnel junctions (vdW-MFTJs) are promising
candidates for data storage devices due to their tunable thickness and
capability to exhibit multiple nonvolatile resistance states. However,
existing vdW-MFTJs utilize ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism
independently, failing to achieve true magnetoelectric coupling, which
leads to unnecessary energy dissipation. Here, we propose an innovative
vdW-MFTJ design based on a CrBr
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
7 pages, 4 figures
Longitudinal Spin Hall Magnetoresistance from Spin Fluctuations
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR), the variation in resistance in a
heavy metal (HM) with the magnetization orientation of an adjacent
ferromagnet (FM), has been extensively studied as a powerful tool for
probing surface magnetic moments in a variety of magnetic materials.
However, the conventional SMR theory assumes rigid magnetization of a
fixed magnitude, an assumption that breaks down close to the FM's Curie
temperature (T_c), where the magnetic susceptibility diverges. Here, we
report an unconventional SMR effect arising from the magnetic-field
modulation of spin fluctuations in the FM, while its magnetization
remaining collinear to the spin Hall accumulation in the HM. In contrast
to the conventional SMR, which scales with the magnetization and
vanishes near
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
Chiral induced Spin Polarized Electron Current: Origin of the Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity Effect
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
The discovery of the chiral induced spin selectivity effect has provided a novel tool to study how active physical and chemical mechanism may differ in chiral enantiomers, however, the origin of the effect itself is yet an open question. In this article, it is theoretically shown that two aspects have to be fulfilled for the chiral induced spin selectivity effect to arise. First, chirality is a necessary condition for breaking spin-degeneracy in molecular structures that do not comprise heavy elements. Second, dissipation is indispensable for the molecule to develop a non-vanishing spin-polarization. These theoretical conclusions are illustrated in terms of a few examples, showing the necessity of the two aspects to be coordinated for the emergence of the chiral induced spin selectivity effect.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
6 pages, 4 figures; submitted
Morphogenesis of cheese flowers through scraping
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
J. Zhang, A. Ibarra, B. Roman, M. Ciccotti
The "Tete de moine" Swiss cheese is generally served by scraping the surface of a cylindrical loaf with a sharp tool. This produces thin sheets of cheese that are strongly wrinkled at the edge, resembling frilly flowers and enhancing the tasting experience. In this work we unveil the physical mechanisms at play in this scraping-induced morphogenesis. We measure the deformation of the cheese during scraping and show that plastic deformation occurs everywhere, but find a larger plastic contraction in the inner part of the flower, causing its buckling into shape. We show that it surprisingly derives from the lower friction coefficient evidenced on the cheese close to its crust. Our analysis provides the tools for a better control of chip morphogenesis through plasticity in the shaping of other delicacies, but also in metal cutting.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
Sputtering Current Driven Growth & Transport Characteristics of Superconducting Ti40V60 Alloy Thin Films
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Shekhar Chandra Pandey, Shilpam Sharma, K. K. Pandey, Pooja Gupta, Sanjay Rai, Rashmi Singh, M. K. Chattopadhyay
The room temperature growth, characterization, and electrical transport properties of magnetron sputtered superconducting Ti40V60 alloy thin films are presented. The films exhibit low surface roughness and tunable transport properties. As the sputtering current increases, the superconducting transition move towards higher temperatures. Rietveld refinement of two dimensional XRD (2D XRD) pattern reveals the presence of stress in the films, which shifts from tensile to compressive as the sputtering current increases. Additionally, the crystallite size of the films increases with higher sputtering currents. The films exhibit a strong preferential orientation, contributing to their texturing. The crystallite size and texturing are found to be correlated with the superconducting transition temperature (TC) of the films. As the crystallite size and texturing increase, the TC of the films also rises.
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
Role of Chalcogen atoms in In Situ Exfoliation for Large-Area 2D Semiconducting Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Zhiying Dan, Ronak Sarmasti Emami, Giovanna Feraco, Melina Vavali, Dominic Gerlach, Petra Rudolf, Antonija Grubišić-Čabo
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides have emerged as a promising platform for next-generation optoelectronic and spintronic devices. Mechanical exfoliation using adhesive tape remains the dominant method for preparing 2D materials of highest quality, including transition metal dichalcogenides, but always results in small-sized flakes. This limitation poses a significant challenge for investigations and applications where large scale flakes are needed. To overcome these constraints, we explored the preparation of 2D WS2 and WSe2 using a recently developed kinetic in situ single-layer synthesis method (KISS). In particular, we focused on the influence of different substrates, Au and Ag, and chalcogen atoms, S and Se, on the yield and quality of the 2D films. The crystallinity and spatial morphology of the 2D films were characterized using optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy, providing a comprehensive assessment of exfoliation quality. Low-energy electron diffraction verified that there is no preferential orientation between the 2D film and the substrate, while optical microscopy revealed that WSe2 consistently outperformed WS2 in producing large monolayers, regardless of the substrate used. Finally, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrate that no covalent bonds are formed between the 2D material and the underlying substrate. These results identify KISS method as a non-destructive approach for a more scalable approach of high-quality 2D transition metal dichalcogenides.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
Article (13 pages, 5 figures) and supporting information (5 pages, 6 figures)
Current-induced re-entrant superconductivity and extreme nonreciprocal superconducting diode effect in valley-polarized systems
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
The superconducting diode effect (SDE) refers to the nonreciprocity
of superconducting critical currents for the metal-superconductor
transition. Generally, the SDE has a positive and a negative critical
current
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
14 pages, 8 figures, This manusrcipt was submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. on December 4, 2023
Extended Landauer-B"{u}ttiker Formula for Current through Open Quantum Systems with Gain or Loss
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
The Landauer-Büttiker formula, which characterizes the current flowing through a finite region connected to leads, has significantly advanced our understanding of transport. We extend this formula to describe particle and energy currents with gain or loss in the intermediate region by using the Lindblad-Keldysh formalism. Based on the derived formula, several novel effects induced by gain or loss in the current are discussed: the breaking of inversion symmetry in the gain and loss terms or in the system can lead to current generation; the anomalous phenomenon that disorder can induce current generation; the presence of gain and loss makes the thermal and electrical conductances continuous and ensures they follow the Wiedemann-Franz law even outside the energy band; the effect of bond loss-induced skin effect on current. This work deepens and extends our understanding of transport phenomena in open systems.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Robustness of quantum many-body scars in the presence of Markovian bath
New Submission | Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Xiang-Ping Jiang, Mingdi Xu, Xuanpu Yang, Yucheng Wang, Lei Pan
A generic closed quantum many-body system will inevitably tend to thermalization, whose local information encoded in the initial state eventually scrambles into the full space, known as quantum ergodicity. A paradigmatic exception in closed quantum systems for strong ergodicity breaking is known as many-body localization, where strong disorder-induced localization prevents the occurrence of thermalization. It is generally recognized that a localized quantum system would be delocalized under dissipation induced by the environment. However, this consequence recently has received challenges where an exotic dissipation-induced localization mechanism is proposed, and transitions between localized and extended phases are found. In this Letter, we promote this mechanism to systems for weak ergodicity breaking hosting quantum many-body scars (QMBS). We find that the system relaxes to a steady state dominated by QMBS, and the dissipative dynamics exhibit dynamic revivals by suitably preparing an initial state. We point out an experimental realization of the controlled dissipation with a cold atomic setup. This makes the signature of ergodicity breaking visible over dissipative dynamics and offers potential possibilities for experimentally preparing stable QMBS with associated coherent dynamics.
Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
7+1 pages, 4+1 figures. Comments are welcome
Is a phonon excitation of a superfluid Bose gas a Goldstone boson?
New Submission | Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
It is generally accepted that phonons in a superfluid Bose gas are
Goldstone bosons. This is justified by spontaneous symmetry breaking
(SSB), which is usually defined as follows: the Hamiltonian of the
system is invariant under the
Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
22 pages
Understanding Memristive Behavior: An Atomistic Study of the Influence of Grain Boundaries on Surface and Out-of-Plane Diffusion of Metallic Atoms
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Mohit D. Ganeriwala, Daniel Luque-Jarava, Francisco Pasadas, Juan J. Palacios, Francisco G. Ruiz, Andres Godoy, Enrique G. Marin
Atomic migration from metallic contacts, and subsequent filament formation, is recognised as a prevailing mechanism leading to resistive switching in memristors based on two-dimensional materials (2DMs). This study presents a detailed atomistic examination of the migration of different metal atoms across the grain boundaries (GBs) of 2DMs, employing Density Functional Theory in conjunction with Non-Equilibrium Green's Function transport simulations. Various types of metallic atoms, Au, Cu, Al, Ni, and Ag, are examined, focusing on their migration both in the out-of-plane direction through a MoS layer and along the surface of the MoS layer, pertinent to filament formation in vertical and lateral memristors, respectively. Different types of GBs usually present in MoS are considered to assess their influence on the diffusion of metal atoms. The findings are compared with structures based on pristine MoS and those with mono-sulfur vacancies, aiming to understand the key elements that affect the switching performance of memristors. Furthermore, transport simulations are carried out to evaluate the effects of GBs on both out-of-plane and in-plane electron conductance, providing valuable insights into the resistive switching ratio.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
Achievable Information-Energy Exchange in a Brownian Information Engine through Potential Profiling
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
The information engine extracts work from a single heat bath using mutual information obtained during the operation cycle. This study investigates the influence of the potential shaping in a Brownian information engine (BIE) in harnessing the information from thermal fluctuations. We have designed a BIE by considering an overdamped Brownian particle inside a confined potential and introducing an appropriate symmetric feedback cycle. We find that the upper bound of the extractable work for a BIE with a monostable centrosymmetric confining potential, with a stable state at the potential centre, depends on the bath temperature and the convexity of the confinement. A concave confinement is more efficient for an information-energy exchange. For a bistable confinement with an unstable centre and two symmetric stable basins, one can find an engine-to-refrigeration transition beyond a certain barrier height related to the energy difference between the energy barrier and the stable basins. Finally, we use the concavity-induced gain in information harnessing to device a BIE in the presence of a multistable potential that can harvest even more energy than monostable confinement.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Anisotropic Raman scattering and lattice orientation identification of 2M-WS2
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Sabin Gautam, Sougata Mardanya, Joseph McBride, A K M Manjur Hossain, Qian Yang, Wenyong Wang, John Ackerman, Brian M. Leonard, Sugata Chowdhury, Jifa Tian
Anisotropic materials with low symmetries hold significant promise for next-generation electronic and quantum devices. 2M-WS2, a candidate for topological superconductivity, has garnered considerable interest. However, a comprehensive understanding of how its anisotropic features contribute to unconventional superconductivity, along with a simple, reliable method to identify its crystal orientation, remains elusive. Here, we combine theoretical and experimental approaches to investigate angle- and polarization-dependent anisotropic Raman modes of 2M-WS2. Through first-principles calculations, we predict and analyze phonon dispersion and lattice vibrations of all Raman modes in 2M-WS2. We establish a direct correlation between their anisotropic Raman spectra and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images. Finally, we demonstrate that anisotropic Raman spectroscopy can accurately determine the crystal orientation and twist angle between two stacked 2M-WS2 layers. Our findings provide insights into the electron-phonon coupling and anisotropic properties of 2M-WS2, paving the way for the use of anisotropic materials in advanced electronic and quantum devices.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
19 pages, 5 figures
Active and transfer learning with partially Bayesian neural networks for materials and chemicals
New Submission | Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Sarah I. Allec, Maxim Ziatdinov
Active learning, an iterative process of selecting the most informative data points for exploration, is crucial for efficient characterization of materials and chemicals property space. Neural networks excel at predicting these properties but lack the uncertainty quantification needed for active learning-driven exploration. Fully Bayesian neural networks, in which weights are treated as probability distributions inferred via advanced Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods, offer robust uncertainty quantification but at high computational cost. Here, we show that partially Bayesian neural networks (PBNNs), where only selected layers have probabilistic weights while others remain deterministic, can achieve accuracy and uncertainty estimates on active learning tasks comparable to fully Bayesian networks at lower computational cost. Furthermore, by initializing prior distributions with weights pre-trained on theoretical calculations, we demonstrate that PBNNs can effectively leverage computational predictions to accelerate active learning of experimental data. We validate these approaches on both molecular property prediction and materials science tasks, establishing PBNNs as a practical tool for active learning with limited, complex datasets.
Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
New Insights into the Dependence of Glass Transition Temperature and Dynamic Fragility on Molecular Weight in Oligomers and Polymers
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Valeriy V. Ginzburg, Oleg V. Gendelman, Riccardo Casalini, Alessio Zaccone
In an earlier preprint (V. V. Ginzburg, O. V. Gendelman, R. Casalini, and A. Zaccone, arXiv:2409.17291), we demonstrated that the dynamic (relaxation time) and volume equations of state for many amorphous polymers are near-universal -- each material is characterized by two governing parameters -- the glass transition temperature, T_{g}, and the elementary relaxation time, /tau_{el}. The dynamic fragility, m, is uniquely related to /tau_{el}. The earlier analysis was based on the data for high polymers (degree of polymerization, N > 200, and molecular weight, Mw > 20,000 g/mol). Here, we investigate the dependence of T_{g} and /tau_{el} on N (or, equivalently, on the molecular weight, M). We consider the dielectric spectroscopy data for homologous series of four polymers: polystyrene (PS), poly-(2-vinylpyridine) (P2VP), poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), and polybutadiene (PB). It is shown that the relaxation time curves for various oligomers can be successfully collapsed onto the same master curve as the high polymers. The glass transition temperature and the dynamic fragility are found to be linear functions of 1/M, in agreement with the Fox-Flory equation. The scaling results are interpreted based on the SL-TS2 theory, ensuring that the model description is consistent with the Boyer rules for the coefficients of thermal expansion above and below T_{g}, as well as the thermodynamical scaling for the pressure dependence of the relaxation time.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
14 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Optical signatures of Euler superconductors
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Chun Wang Chau, Wojciech J. Jankowski, Robert-Jan Slager
We study optical manifestations of multigap band topology in multiband superconductors with a non-trivial topological Euler class. We introduce a set of lattice models for non-Abelian superconductors with the Euler invariant signified by a non-trivial quantum geometry. We then demonstrate that the topological Bogoliubov excitations realized in these models provide for a characteristic first-order optical response distinct from those of the other known topological superconductors. We find that the spectral distribution of the optical conductivity universally admits a topologically quantized jump and naturally differs from the features induced by the quantum geometry in the non-interacting bands without pairing terms. Further to uncovering observable signatures in first-order optical conductivities, we showcase that the higher-order nonlinear optical responses of the non-Abelian Euler superconductor can result in enhanced steady dc currents that fingerprint the exotic topological invariant. Finally, by employing a diagrammatic approach, we generalize our findings beyond the specific models of Euler superconductors.
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Optics (physics.optics)
10+14 pages, 6+3 figures
Strain Mediated Voltage Control of Magnetic Anisotropy and Magnetization Reversal in Bismuth Substituted Yttrium Iron Garnet Films and Meso-structures
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Walid Al Misba, Miela Josephine Gross, Kensuke Hayashi, Daniel B. Gopman, Caroline A. Ross, Jayasimha Atulasimha
We report on magnetic anisotropy modulation in Bismuth substituted Yttrium Iron Garnet (Bi-YIG) thin films and mesoscale patterned structures deposited on a PMN-PT substrate with the application of voltage-induced strain. The Bi content is selected for low coercivity and higher magnetostriction than that of YIG, yielding significant changes in the hysteresis loops through the magnetoelastic effect. The piezoelectric substrate is poled along its thickness, which is the [011] direction, by applying a voltage across the PMN-PT/SiO2/Bi-YIG/Pt heterostructure. In-situ magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy (MOKE) shows the modulation of magnetic anisotropy with voltage-induced strain. Furthermore, voltage control of the magnetic domain state of the Bi-YIG film at a fixed magnetic field produces a 90° switching of the magnetization easy axis above a threshold voltage. The magnetoelectric coefficient of the heterostructure is 1.05x10^(-7)s/m which is competitive with that of other ferromagnetic oxide films on ferroelectric substrates such as La0.67Sr0.33MnO3/PMNPT and YIG/PMN-PZT. Voltage-control of magnetization reversal fields in 5-30 microns wide dots and racetracks of Bi-YIG show potential for energy efficient non-volatile memory and neuromorphic computing devices.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
Critical Dynamics and Cyclic Memory Retrieval in Non-reciprocal Hopfield Networks
New Submission | Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Shuyue Xue, Mohammad Maghrebi, George I. Mias, Carlo Piermarocchi
We study Hopfield networks with non-reciprocal coupling inducing switches between memory patterns. Dynamical phase transitions occur between phases of no memory retrieval, retrieval of multiple point-attractors, and limit-cycle attractors. The limit cycle phase is bounded by two critical regions: a Hopf bifurcation line and a fold bifurcation line, each with unique dynamical critical exponents and sensitivity to perturbations. A Master Equation approach numerically verifies the critical behavior predicted analytically. We discuss how these networks could model biological processes near a critical threshold of cyclic instability evolving through multi-step transitions.
Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph), Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
Kagome
Metal GdNb Sn : A 4d Playground for Topological
Magnetism and Electron Correlations
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Yusen Xiao, Qingchen Duan, Zhaoyi Li, Shu Guo, Hengxin Tan, Ruidan Zhong
Magnetic kagome metals have garnered considerable attention as an
ideal platform for investigating intrinsic topological structures,
frustrated magnetism, and electron correlation effects. In this work, we
present the synthesis and detailed characterization of GdNb
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
7 pages, 7 figures
Spatial Correlation Unifies Nonequilibrium Response Theory for Arbitrary Markov Jump Processes
New Submission | Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Understanding how systems respond to external perturbations is a fundamental challenge in physics, particularly for non-equilibrium and non-stationary processes. The fluctuation-dissipation theorem provides a complete framework for near-equilibrium systems, and various bounds are recently reported for specific non-equilibrium regimes. Here, we present an exact response equality for arbitrary Markov processes that decompose system response into spatial correlations of local dynamical events. This decomposition reveals that response properties are encoded in correlations between transitions and dwelling times across the network, providing a natural generalization of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem to generic non-equilibrium processes. Our theory unifies existing response bounds, extends them to time-dependent processes, and reveals fundamental monotonicity properties of the tightness of multi-parameter response inequalities. Beyond its theoretical significance, this framework enables efficient numerical evaluation of response properties from unperturbed trajectory data, offering practical advantages for studying complex networks and biological systems far from equilibrium.
Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
Fluctuations of topological charges in two-dimensional classical Heisenberg model
New Submission | Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Binding and unbinding of vortices drives Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in two-dimensional XY model. Here we investigate whether similar mechanism works in two-dimensional Heisenberg model, by using the fluctuation of the topological charge inside a loop to characterize the nature of binding versus unbinding of defects. Through Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the fluctuation is proportional to the perimeter of the loop at low temperatures while to the area of the loop at high temperatures, implying binding of the defects at low temperatures and unbinding at high temperatures.
Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
13 pages, preprint
Is there Kibble-Zurek scaling of topological defects in first-order phase transitions?
New Submission | Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Kibble-Zurek scaling is the scaling of the density of the topological defects formed via the Kibble-Zurek mechanism with respect to the rate at which a system is cooled across a continuous phase transition. Recently, the density of the topological defects formed via the Kibble-Zurek mechanism was computed for a system cooled through a first-order phase transition instead of the usual continuous transitions. Here we address the problem of whether such defects generated across a first-order phase transition exhibit Kibble-Zurek scaling similar to the case in continuous phase transitions. We show that any possible Kibble-Zurek scaling for the topological defects can only be a very rough approximation due to an intrinsic field for the scaling. However, complete universal scaling for other properties does exist.
Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
6 pages, 2 figures
Machine Learning-Driven Insights into Excitonic Effects in 2D Materials
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Understanding excitonic effects in two-dimensional (2D) materials is critical for advancing their potential in next-generation electronic and photonic devices. In this study, we introduce a machine learning (ML)-based framework to predict exciton binding energies in 2D materials, offering a computationally efficient alternative to traditional methods such as many-body perturbation theory (GW) and the Bethe-Salpeter equation. Leveraging data from the Computational 2D Materials Database (C2DB), our ML models establish connections between cheaply available material descriptors and complex excitonic properties, significantly accelerating the screening process for materials with pronounced excitonic effects. Additionally, Bayesian optimization with Gaussian process regression was employed to efficiently filter materials with largest exciton binding energies, further enhancing the discovery process. Although developed for 2D systems, this approach is versatile and can be extended to three-dimensional materials, broadening its applicability in materials discovery.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
Tensor network method for solving the Ising model with a magnetic field
New Submission | Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
We study the two-dimensional square lattice Ising ferromagnet and antiferromagnet with a magnetic field by using tensor network method. Focusing on the role of guage fixing, we present the partition function in terms of a tensor network. The tensor has a different symmetry property for ferromagnets and antiferromagnets. The tensor network of the partition function is interpreted as a multiple product of the one-dimensional quantum Hamiltonian. We perform infinite density matrix renormalization group to contract the two-dimensional tensor network. We present the numerical result of magnetization and entanglement entropy for the Ising ferromagnet and antiferromagnet side by side. In order to determine the critical line in the parameter space of temperature and magnetic field, we use the half-chain entanglement entropy of the one-dimensional quantum state. The entanglement entropy precisely indicates the critical line forming the parabolic shape for the antiferromagnetic case, but shows the critical point for the ferromagnetic case.
Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
6 pages, 7 figures
On Computational Complexity of 3D Ising Spin Glass: Lessons from D-Wave Annealer
New Submission | Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Finding an exact ground state of a 3D Ising spin glass is proven to
be an NP-hard problem. There is a widespread belief that this statement
implies an exponential scaling,
Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
9 pages, 6 figures
Native antisite defects in h-BN
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is an excellent host for solid-state single phonon emitters. Experimental observed emission ranges from infrared to ultraviolet. The emission centers are generally attributed to either intrinsic or extrinsic point defects embedded into hBN. Nevertheless, the microscopic structure of most of these defect emitters is uncertain. Here, through density-functional theory calculations we studied the native antisite defects in hBN. We find that the neutral boron antisite might be a nonmagnetic single photon source with zero-phonon-line (ZPL) at 1.58 eV and such a lineshape that is often observed in experiments. Furthermore, the positively charged nitrogen antisite might be associated with a dim color center recently observed as a blue emitter with ZPL at 2.63 eV. These simple single substitution defects indicate the existence of out-of-plane phonon mode which significantly affects the optical properties. Our results could provide useful information for identification of quantum emitters in hBN.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
Partial versus total resetting for L'evy flights in d dimensions: similarities and discrepancies
New Submission | Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Costantino Di Bello, Aleksei Chechkin, Tomasz Grzywny, Karol Szczypkowski, Bartosz Trojan, Zbigniew Palmowski
While stochastic resetting (or total resetting) is less young and
more established concept in stochastic processes, partial stochastic
resetting (PSR) is a relatively new field. PSR means that, at random
moments in time, a stochastic process gets multiplied by a factor
between 0 and 1, thus approaching but not reaching the resetting
position. In this paper, we present new results on PSR highlighting the
main similarities and discrepancies with total resetting. Specifically,
we consider both symmetric
Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
Terahertz Magnon Excitations and Switching in Non-Collinear Antiferromagnets
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Durga Prasad Goli, Se Kwon Kim
We investigate how spatiotemporal spin polarized current can lead to
terahertz frequency excitations in non-collinear antiferromagnets. By
solving the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation numerically for
non-collinear antiferromagnet, we show that the magnon frequency
spectrum exhibits standing spin wave modes and depends on the thickness
of Mn
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
Characteristic oscillations in frequency-resolved heat dissipation of linear time-delayed Langevin systems: Approach from the violation of the fluctuation-dissipation relation
New Submission | Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Xin Wang, Ruicheng Bao, Naruo Ohga
Time-delayed effects are widely present in nature, often accompanied by distinctive nonequilibrium features such as negative apparent heat dissipation. To elucidate detailed structures of the dissipation, we study the frequency decompositions of the heat dissipation in linear time-delayed Langevin systems. We analytically solve Langevin equations with a single linear time-delayed feedback force and calculate the spectrum of the heat dissipation in the frequency domain using the Harada-Sasa equality, which relates the heat dissipation to the violation of the fluctuation-dissipation relation (FDR). We find a characteristic oscillatory behavior in the spectrum, which asymptotically oscillates sinusoidally with a decaying envelope proportional to the strength of the time-delayed force and the inverse of the frequency. We confirm the generality of the results by extending our analysis to systems with multiple delay times and continuously distributed delay times. Since the violation of FDR is experimentally accessible, our results suggest an experimental direction for detecting and analyzing detailed characteristics of dissipation in time-delayed systems.
Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
10 pages, 4 figures
Revisiting Impurity Induced In-gap Bound States In Unconventional Superconductors
New Submission | Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Junkang Huang, Z. D. Wang, Tao Zhou
This study revisits the effects of single impurity scattering in
unconventional superconductors, with a specific emphasis on intralayer
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
8 pages, 6 figures, including the supplemental material
Simultaneous Spin and Point-Group Adaptation in Exact Diagonalization of Spin Clusters
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Shadan Ghassemi Tabrizi, Thomas D. Kühne
While either spin or point-group adaptation is straightforward when considered independently, the standard technique for factoring isotropic spin Hamiltonians by the total spin S and the irreducible representation of the point-group is limited by the complexity of transformations between different coupling-schemes that are related by site-permutations. To overcome these challenges, we apply projection-operators directly to uncoupled basis-states, enabling the simultaneous treatment of spin and point-group symmetry without the need for recoupling-transformations. This provides a simple and efficient approach for the exact diagonalization of isotropic spin-models that we illustrate with applications to Heisenberg spin-rings and polyhedra, including systems that are computationally inaccessible with conventional coupling-techniques.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
21 pages, 12 figures
Atomic-scale
observation of - - spin coupling in coordination
structures
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Xue Zhang, Xin Li, Jie Li, Haoyang Pan, Minghui Yu, Yajie Zhang, Gui-Lin Zhu, Zhen Xu, Ziyong Shen, Shimin Hou, Yaping Zang, Bingwu Wang, Kai Wu, Shang-Da Jiang, Ivano E. Castelli, Lianmao Peng, Per Hedegård, Song Gao, Jing-Tao Lü, Yongfeng Wang
Spin coupling between magnetic metal atoms and organic radicals plays
a pivotal role in high-performance magnetic materials. The complex
interaction involving multi-spin centers in bulk materials makes it
challenging to study spin coupling at the atomic scale. Here, we
investigate the
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
Formation of Magnonic Waveguides via Surface Anisotropy-Induced Bragg Mirrors
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Grzegorz Centała, Jarosław W. Kłos
Waveguides are fundamental components for signal transmission in
integrated wave-based processing systems. In this paper, we address the
challenges associated with designing magnonic waveguides and propose a
novel type with promising properties. Specifically, we study a magnonic
waveguide formed within a uniform ferromagnetic layer (Co
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
On modeling global grain boundary energy functions
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Grain boundaries affect properties of polycrystalline materials. The influence of a boundary is largely determined by its energy. Grain boundary energy is often portrayed as a function of macroscopic boundary parameters representing grain misorientation and boundary plane inclination. In grain boundary simulation and modeling, many studies neglect structural multiplicity of boundaries, i.e., existence of metastable states, and focus on minimum energy. The minimum energy function restricted to constant misorientation should satisfy Herring's condition for interface stability. This requirement has been ignored in recent works on grain boundary energy functions. Example violations of the stability condition are shown. Moreover, a simple and natural procedure for constructing a continuous function satisfying the condition is described. Cusps in the energy as a function of boundary plane inclinations arise because of the imposition of the stability condition, and their locations and shapes result from properties of input data. An example of applying the procedure to simulated data is presented.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
19 pages, 8 figures, 34 references
Pyramidal
charged domain walls in ferroelectric BiFeO
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Pavel Marton, Marek Paściak, Mauro Gonçalves, Ondřej Novák, Jiří Hlinka, Richard Beanland, Marin Alexe
Domain structures play a crucial role in the electric, mechanical and
other properties of ferroelectric materials. In this study, we uncover
the physical origins of the enigmatic zigzag domain structure in the
prototypical multiferroic material BiFeO
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
A Magnon Band Analysis of GdRu2Si2 in the Field-Polarized State
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
G. D. A. Wood, J. R. Stewart, D. A. Mayoh, J. A. M. Paddison, J. Bouaziz, S. M. Tobin, O. A. Petrenko, M. R. Lees, P. Manuel, J. B. Staunton, G. Balakrishnan
Understanding the formation of skyrmions in centrosymmetric materials is a problem of fundamental and technological interest. GdRu2Si2 is one such candidate material which has been shown to host a variety of multi-Q magnetic structures, including in zero-field. Here, inelastic neutron scattering is used to measure the spin excitations in the field-polarized phase of GdRu2Si2. Linear spin wave theory and a method of interaction invariant path analysis are used to derive a Hamiltonian accounting for the observed spectra, and comparisons to calculations are made. No evidence for anisotropic or higher order-exchange terms beyond bilinear Heisenberg exchange is found. This is discussed in the context of the multi-Q states existing at lower fields, for which these types of terms have previously been conceived to be significant in the formation of multi-Q ground states.
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
Many-Body Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulations of Lipid Bilayers with the MDPD-MARTINI Force-Field
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Natalia Kramarz, Luís H. Carnevale, Panagiotis E. Theodorakis
Many-body dissipative particle dynamics (MDPD) offers a significant speed-up in the simulation of various systems, including soft matter, in comparison with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations based on Lennard-Jones nteractions, which is crucial for describing phenomena characterized by large time and length scales. Moreover, it has recently been shown that the MARTINI force-field coarse-graining approach is applicable in MDPD, thus rendering feasible the simulation of complex systems as in MD MARTINI for ever larger systems for longer physical times. Here, simulations of various lipid membranes were performed by using the MDPD-MARTINI coarse-grained (CG) force-field, relevant properties were calculated, and comparison with standard MD MARTINI CG simulations and experimental data was made. Thus insights into structural properties of these bilayer systems and further evidence regarding the transferability of the MDPD-MARTINI models are provided. In this regard, this is a natural next step in the development of the general-purpose MDPD-MARTINI CG force-field, which generally provides significant speed-ups in both computational and physical simulated times, in comparison with standard CG MD simulations.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
16 pages, 5 figures
Revealing diatom-inspired materials multifunctionality
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Ludovico Musenich, Daniele Origo, Filippo Gallina, Markus J. Buehler, Flavia Libonati
Diatoms have been described as nanometer-born lithographers because of their ability to create sophisticated three-dimensional amorphous silica exoskeletons. The hierarchical architecture of these structures provides diatoms with mechanical protection and the ability to filter, float, and manipulate light. Therefore, they emerge as an extraordinary model of multifunctional materials from which to draw inspiration. In this paper, we use numerical simulations, analytical models, and experimental tests to unveil the structural and fluid dynamic efficiency of the Coscinodiscus species diatom. Then we propose a novel 3D printable multifunctional biomimetic material for applications such as porous filters, heat exchangers, drug delivery systems, lightweight structures, and robotics. Our results demonstrate the role of Nature as a material designer for efficient and tunable systems and highlight the potential of diatoms for engineering materials innovation. Additionally, the results reported in this paper lay the foundation to extend the structure-property characterization of diatoms.
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
Self-diffusive dynamics of active Brownian particles at moderate densities
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
The Active Brownian Particle (ABP) model has become a prototype of
self-propelled particles. ABPs move persistently at a constant speed
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Momentum tunnelling between nanoscale liquid flows
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Baptiste Coquinot, Anna T. Bui, Damien Toquer, Angelos Michaelides, Nikita Kavokine, Stephen J. Cox, Lydéric Bocquet
The world of nanoscales in fluidics is the frontier where the continuum of fluid mechanics meets the atomic, and even quantum, nature of matter. While water dynamics remains largely classical under extreme confinement, several experiments have recently reported coupling between water transport and the electronic degrees of freedom of the confining materials. This avenue prompts us to reconsider nanoscale hydrodynamic flows under the perspective of interacting excitations, akin to condensed matter frameworks. Here we show, using a combination of many-body theory and molecular simulations, that the flow of a liquid can induce the flow of another liquid behind a separating wall, at odds with the prediction of continuum hydrodynamics. We further show that the range of this 'flow tunnelling' can be tuned through the solid's electronic excitations, with a maximum occurring when these are at resonance with the liquid's charge density fluctuations. Flow tunnelling is expected to play a role in global transport across nanoscale fluidic networks, such as lamellar graphene oxide or MXene membranes. It further suggests exploiting the electronic properties of the confining walls for manipulating liquids via their dielectric spectra, beyond the nature and characteristics of individual molecules.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
Nature Nanotechnology (2025)
Heitler effect and resonance fluorescence in quantum magnonics
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Enes Ilbuğa, V. V. Dobrovitski, Ya. M. Blanter
We consider a coupled system of a qubit and a magnon mode in which the qubit is weakly driven. We demonstrate that the spectral steady-state responses of both the qubit and the magnon show, in addition to two sidebands split by the coupling, also a peak at the driving frequency with virtually zero linewidth. This phenomenon, which persists at both strong and weak coupling, is an analog of the Heitler effect in atomic physics, and shows the path towards building of coherent magnon sources.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
10 pages including SI
Competing Hexagonal and Square Lattices on a Spherical Surface
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Han Xie, Wenyu Liu, Zhenyue Lu, Jeff Z.Y. Chen, Yao Li
The structural properties of packed soft-core particles provide a platform to understand the cross-pollinated physical concepts in solid-state- and soft-matter physics. Confined on spherical surface, the traditional differential geometry also dictates the overall defect properties in otherwise regular crystal lattices. Using molecular dynamics simulation of the Hertzian model as a tool, we report here the emergence of new types of disclination patterns: domain and counter-domain defects, when hexagonal and square patterns coexist. A new angle is presented to understand the incompatibility between tiling lattice shapes and the available spherical areal shapes, which is common in nature -- from molecular systems in biology to backbone construction in architectures.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech), Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
Authors' version of the article submitted to Nano Letters and accepted
Transport Signatures of Inverted Andreev Bands in Topological Josephson Junctions
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Jonathan Sturm, Raffael L. Klees, Ewelina M. Hankiewicz, Daniel Gresta
We study the thermoelectrical transport transverse to conventional
and topological Josephson junctions with a central quantum dot (QD). For
that purpose, we derive an effective resonant tunneling model where the
QD is renormalized with an induced superconducting gap. By applying
Keldysh Green's function technique, we compute the local density of
states as well as the transmission functions. In the latter case, we
observe that the Andreev bound states forming on the QD are inverted if
the junction has
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
12 pages, 6 figures
Launching Focused and Spatially Confined Phonon-Polaritons in Hexagonal Boron Nitride
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Bogdan Borodin, Sergey Lepeshov, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Petr Stepanov
Launching and focusing phonon-polaritons present novel opportunities
for low-loss guiding of subdiffractionally confined light at the
nanoscale. Despite significant efforts to improve control in polaritonic
media, focused and spatially confined phonon-polariton waves have only
been achieved in the in-plane anisotropic crystals (such as MoO
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
8 pages, 4 figures
Can hydrodynamic interactions destroy travelling waves formed by non-reciprocity?
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Giulia Pisegna, Navdeep Rana, Ramin Golestanian, Suropriya Saha
The collective chasing dynamics of non-reciprocally coupled densities leads to stable travelling waves which can be mapped to a model for emergent flocking. In this work, we couple the non-reciprocal Cahn-Hilliard model (NRCH) to a fluid to minimally describe scalar active mixtures in a suspension, with the aim to explore the stability of the waves, i.e. the emergent flock in the presence of self-generated fluid flows. We show that the emergent polarity is linearly unstable to perturbations for a specific sign of the active stress recalling instabilities of orientational order in a fluid. Using numerical simulations, we find however that non-reciprocity stabilizes the waves against the linear instability in a large region of the phase space.
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
Chiral electronic network within skyrmionic lattice on topological insulator surfaces
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Matteo Wilczak, Dmitry K. Efimkin, Victor Gurarie
We consider a proximity effect between Dirac surface states of a topological insulator and the skyrmion phase of an insulating magnet. A single skyrmion results in the surface states having a chiral gapless mode confined to the perimeter of the skyrmion. For the lattice of skyrmions, the tunneling coupling between confined states leads to the formation of low energy bands delocalized across the whole system. We show that the structure of these bands can be investigated with the help of the phenomenological chiral network model with a kagome lattice geometry. While the network model by itself can be in a chiral Floquet phase unattainable without external periodic driving, we show how to use a procedure known as band reconstruction to obtain the low energy bands of the electrons on the surface of the topological insulator for which there is no external driving. We conclude that band reconstruction is essential for the broad class of network models recently introduced to describe the electronic properties of different nanostructures.
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
Close-contact melting on hydrophobic textured surfaces: Confinement and meniscus effects
New Submission | Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Nan Hu, Liwu Fan, Xiang Gao, Howard A. Stone
We investigate the dynamics of close-contact melting (CCM) on
gas-trapped hydrophobic surfaces, with specific focus on the effects of
geometrical confinement and the liquid-air meniscus below the liquid
film. By employing dual-series and perturbation methods, we obtain
numerical solutions for the effective slip lengths associated with
velocity
Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
Magnetic
frustration and weak Mn magnetic ordering in EuMn P
New Submission | Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Sarah Krebber, Jörg Sichelschmidt, Pierre Chailloleau, Asmaa El Mard, Marvin Kopp, Michael Baenitz, Kurt Kummer, Denis V. Vyalikh, Jens Müller, Cornelius Krellner, Kristin Kliemt
We report on the electron spin resonance (ESR), heat capacity,
magnetization, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), magnetic circular and
linear dichroism (XMCD, XMLD), as well as the electrical resistivity of
EuMn
Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
Three-dimensional quantum anomalous Hall effect in Weyl semimetals
New Submission | Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Zhi-Qiang Zhang, Yu-Hang Li, Ming Lu, Hongfang Liu, Hailong Li, Hua Jiang, X. C. Xie
The quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) is a quantum phenomenon in
which a two-dimensional system exhibits a quantized Hall resistance
Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Sample shape dependence of magnetic noise
New Submission | Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Zero-field magnetic noise, characterised by the magnetic
autocorrelation function
Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
6 pages, 4 figures
Strain-Induced
Activation of Symmetry-Forbidden Exciton-Phonon Couplings for Enhanced
Phonon-Assisted Photoluminescence in MoS Monolayers
New Submission | Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci) | 2025-01-03 00:00 EST
Rishabh Saraswat, Rekha Verma, Sitangshu Bhattacharya
Phonon-assisted photoluminescence (PL) in molybdenum-based
two-dimensional dichalcogenides is typically weak due to the dormant
phonon coupling with optically inactive momentum-dark (intervalley)
excitons, unlike in tungsten-based dichalcogenides where such processes
are more prominent. Despite this inefficiency, we revisit excitons in
MoS
Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)